Important innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza

Abstract Genetic components that regulate arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) interactions in hosts and non-hosts are not completely known. Comparative transcriptomic analysis was combined with phylogenetic studies to identify the factors that distinguish AM host from non-host. Mycorrhized host, non-mycorrh...

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Autores principales:	Shalini Vasan, Divya Srivastava, David Cahill, Pushplata Prasad Singh, Alok Adholeya
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e1e689a6bedd43cbac8d19374e568a26
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e1e689a6bedd43cbac8d19374e568a262021-12-02T16:08:06ZImportant innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza10.1038/s41598-021-93626-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e1e689a6bedd43cbac8d19374e568a262021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93626-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Genetic components that regulate arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) interactions in hosts and non-hosts are not completely known. Comparative transcriptomic analysis was combined with phylogenetic studies to identify the factors that distinguish AM host from non-host. Mycorrhized host, non-mycorrhized host and non-host cultivars of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were subjected to RNA seq analysis. The top 10 differentially expressed genes were subjected to extensive in silico phylogenetic analysis along with 10 more candidate genes that have been previously reported for AM-plant interactions. Seven distantly related hosts and four non-hosts were selected to identify structural differences in selected gene/protein candidates. The screened genes/proteins were subjected to MEME, CODEML and DIVERGE analysis to identify evolutionary patterns that differentiate hosts from non-hosts. Based on the results, candidate genes were categorized as highly influenced (SYMRK and CCaMK), moderately influenced and minimally influenced by evolutionary constraints. We propose that the amino acid and nucleotide changes specific to non-hosts are likely to correspond to aberrations in functionality towards AM symbiosis. This study paves way for future research aimed at understanding innate differences in genetic make-up of AM hosts and non-hosts, in addition to the theory of gene losses from the “AM-symbiotic toolkit”.Shalini VasanDivya SrivastavaDavid CahillPushplata Prasad SinghAlok AdholeyaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shalini Vasan Divya Srivastava David Cahill Pushplata Prasad Singh Alok Adholeya Important innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza
description	Abstract Genetic components that regulate arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) interactions in hosts and non-hosts are not completely known. Comparative transcriptomic analysis was combined with phylogenetic studies to identify the factors that distinguish AM host from non-host. Mycorrhized host, non-mycorrhized host and non-host cultivars of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were subjected to RNA seq analysis. The top 10 differentially expressed genes were subjected to extensive in silico phylogenetic analysis along with 10 more candidate genes that have been previously reported for AM-plant interactions. Seven distantly related hosts and four non-hosts were selected to identify structural differences in selected gene/protein candidates. The screened genes/proteins were subjected to MEME, CODEML and DIVERGE analysis to identify evolutionary patterns that differentiate hosts from non-hosts. Based on the results, candidate genes were categorized as highly influenced (SYMRK and CCaMK), moderately influenced and minimally influenced by evolutionary constraints. We propose that the amino acid and nucleotide changes specific to non-hosts are likely to correspond to aberrations in functionality towards AM symbiosis. This study paves way for future research aimed at understanding innate differences in genetic make-up of AM hosts and non-hosts, in addition to the theory of gene losses from the “AM-symbiotic toolkit”.
format	article
author	Shalini Vasan Divya Srivastava David Cahill Pushplata Prasad Singh Alok Adholeya
author_facet	Shalini Vasan Divya Srivastava David Cahill Pushplata Prasad Singh Alok Adholeya
author_sort	Shalini Vasan
title	Important innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza
title_short	Important innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza
title_full	Important innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza
title_fullStr	Important innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza
title_full_unstemmed	Important innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza
title_sort	important innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e1e689a6bedd43cbac8d19374e568a26
work_keys_str_mv	AT shalinivasan importantinnatedifferencesindeterminingsymbioticresponsivenessinhostandnonhostsofarbuscularmycorrhiza AT divyasrivastava importantinnatedifferencesindeterminingsymbioticresponsivenessinhostandnonhostsofarbuscularmycorrhiza AT davidcahill importantinnatedifferencesindeterminingsymbioticresponsivenessinhostandnonhostsofarbuscularmycorrhiza AT pushplataprasadsingh importantinnatedifferencesindeterminingsymbioticresponsivenessinhostandnonhostsofarbuscularmycorrhiza AT alokadholeya importantinnatedifferencesindeterminingsymbioticresponsivenessinhostandnonhostsofarbuscularmycorrhiza
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Important innate differences in determining symbiotic responsiveness in host and non-hosts of arbuscular mycorrhiza

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