Intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural Gambia.

<h4>Background</h4>Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to any behavior by either a current or ex-intimate partner or would-be rejected lover that causes physical, sexual, or psychological harm. It is the most common form of violence in women's lives. According to a World Health O...

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Autores principales:	Joseph W Jatta, Ararso Baru, Olufunmilayo I Fawole, Oladosu A Ojengbede
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e256337907264981a61c5bb0c8c48452
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e256337907264981a61c5bb0c8c484522021-12-02T20:15:10ZIntimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural Gambia.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255723https://doaj.org/article/e256337907264981a61c5bb0c8c484522021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255723https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to any behavior by either a current or ex-intimate partner or would-be rejected lover that causes physical, sexual, or psychological harm. It is the most common form of violence in women's lives. According to a World Health Organization report, about 1 in 3 women worldwide experience at least one form of IPV from an intimate partner at some point in her life. In the Gambia, about 62% of pregnant women experience at least one form of violence from an intimate partner. IPV has severe physical and mental health consequences on a woman ranging from minor bodily injury to death. It also increases the risk of low birth weight, premature delivery, and neonatal death.<h4>Methods</h4>A health facility-based cross-sectional study design was carried out to assess the magnitude and factors associated with intimate partner violence among pregnant women seeking antenatal care in the rural Gambia. The study enrolled 373 pregnant women, and a multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the study participants. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Ver.22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the association between dependent and independent variables. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to determine the presence and strength of associated factors with IPV.<h4>Result</h4>The study reveals that the prevalence of IPV in The Gambia is 67%, with psychological violence (43%) being the most common form of IPV reported by the respondents. The multivariate logistic regression result reveals that being aged 35 years or older [AOR 5.1(95% CI 1.5-17.8)], the experience of parents quarreling during childhood [AOR 1.7(95% CI 1.0-2.75)], and having cigarette smoking partners [AOR 2.3 (95% CI 1.10-4.6)] were significantly associated with IPV during pregnancy.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study has demonstrated that all forms of IPV in rural Gambia are frequent. Women older than 35 years, had experienced parents quarreling, had a partner who smoked, and a partner who fight with others were more likely report IPV compared to other pregnant women in the study. We recommend that IPV screening should be included as an integral part of routine antenatal care services in The Gambia. Community-based interventions that include indigenous leaders, religious leaders, and other key stakeholders are crucial to create awareness on all forms of IPV and address the risk factors found to influence the occurrence of IPV in rural Gambia.Joseph W JattaArarso BaruOlufunmilayo I FawoleOladosu A OjengbedePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255723 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Joseph W Jatta Ararso Baru Olufunmilayo I Fawole Oladosu A Ojengbede Intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural Gambia.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to any behavior by either a current or ex-intimate partner or would-be rejected lover that causes physical, sexual, or psychological harm. It is the most common form of violence in women's lives. According to a World Health Organization report, about 1 in 3 women worldwide experience at least one form of IPV from an intimate partner at some point in her life. In the Gambia, about 62% of pregnant women experience at least one form of violence from an intimate partner. IPV has severe physical and mental health consequences on a woman ranging from minor bodily injury to death. It also increases the risk of low birth weight, premature delivery, and neonatal death.<h4>Methods</h4>A health facility-based cross-sectional study design was carried out to assess the magnitude and factors associated with intimate partner violence among pregnant women seeking antenatal care in the rural Gambia. The study enrolled 373 pregnant women, and a multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the study participants. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Ver.22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the association between dependent and independent variables. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to determine the presence and strength of associated factors with IPV.<h4>Result</h4>The study reveals that the prevalence of IPV in The Gambia is 67%, with psychological violence (43%) being the most common form of IPV reported by the respondents. The multivariate logistic regression result reveals that being aged 35 years or older [AOR 5.1(95% CI 1.5-17.8)], the experience of parents quarreling during childhood [AOR 1.7(95% CI 1.0-2.75)], and having cigarette smoking partners [AOR 2.3 (95% CI 1.10-4.6)] were significantly associated with IPV during pregnancy.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study has demonstrated that all forms of IPV in rural Gambia are frequent. Women older than 35 years, had experienced parents quarreling, had a partner who smoked, and a partner who fight with others were more likely report IPV compared to other pregnant women in the study. We recommend that IPV screening should be included as an integral part of routine antenatal care services in The Gambia. Community-based interventions that include indigenous leaders, religious leaders, and other key stakeholders are crucial to create awareness on all forms of IPV and address the risk factors found to influence the occurrence of IPV in rural Gambia.
format	article
author	Joseph W Jatta Ararso Baru Olufunmilayo I Fawole Oladosu A Ojengbede
author_facet	Joseph W Jatta Ararso Baru Olufunmilayo I Fawole Oladosu A Ojengbede
author_sort	Joseph W Jatta
title	Intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural Gambia.
title_short	Intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural Gambia.
title_full	Intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural Gambia.
title_fullStr	Intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural Gambia.
title_full_unstemmed	Intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural Gambia.
title_sort	intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural gambia.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e256337907264981a61c5bb0c8c48452
work_keys_str_mv	AT josephwjatta intimatepartnerviolenceamongpregnantwomenattendingantenatalcareservicesintheruralgambia AT ararsobaru intimatepartnerviolenceamongpregnantwomenattendingantenatalcareservicesintheruralgambia AT olufunmilayoifawole intimatepartnerviolenceamongpregnantwomenattendingantenatalcareservicesintheruralgambia AT oladosuaojengbede intimatepartnerviolenceamongpregnantwomenattendingantenatalcareservicesintheruralgambia
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Intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in the rural Gambia.

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