Photographs of Actions: What Makes Them Special Cues to Social Perception

I have reviewed studies on neural responses to pictured actions in the action observation network (AON) and the cognitive functions of these responses. Based on this review, I have analyzed the specific representational characteristics of action photographs. There has been consensus that AON respons...

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Autor principal:	Leopold Kislinger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	photography action photographs action observation network mirror neurons transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) corticospinal excitability (CSE) Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e25c1130dfb5469a8636cdeb2639d57d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e25c1130dfb5469a8636cdeb2639d57d2021-11-25T16:56:13ZPhotographs of Actions: What Makes Them Special Cues to Social Perception10.3390/brainsci111113822076-3425https://doaj.org/article/e25c1130dfb5469a8636cdeb2639d57d2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/11/1382https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3425I have reviewed studies on neural responses to pictured actions in the action observation network (AON) and the cognitive functions of these responses. Based on this review, I have analyzed the specific representational characteristics of action photographs. There has been consensus that AON responses provide viewers with knowledge of observed or pictured actions, but there has been controversy about the properties of this knowledge. Is this knowledge causally provided by AON activities or is it dependent on conceptual processing? What elements of actions does it refer to, and how generalized or specific is it? The answers to these questions have come from studies that used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to stimulate motor or somatosensory cortices. In conjunction with electromyography (EMG), TMS allows researchers to examine changes of the excitability in the corticospinal tract and muscles of people viewing pictured actions. The timing of these changes and muscle specificity enable inferences to be drawn about the cognitive products of processing pictured actions in the AON. Based on a review of studies using TMS and other neuroscience methods, I have proposed a novel hypothetical account that describes the characteristics of action photographs that make them effective cues to social perception. This account includes predictions that can be tested experimentally.Leopold KislingerMDPI AGarticlephotographyaction photographsaction observation networkmirror neuronstranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)corticospinal excitability (CSE)Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENBrain Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 1382, p 1382 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	photography action photographs action observation network mirror neurons transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) corticospinal excitability (CSE) Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	photography action photographs action observation network mirror neurons transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) corticospinal excitability (CSE) Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Leopold Kislinger Photographs of Actions: What Makes Them Special Cues to Social Perception
description	I have reviewed studies on neural responses to pictured actions in the action observation network (AON) and the cognitive functions of these responses. Based on this review, I have analyzed the specific representational characteristics of action photographs. There has been consensus that AON responses provide viewers with knowledge of observed or pictured actions, but there has been controversy about the properties of this knowledge. Is this knowledge causally provided by AON activities or is it dependent on conceptual processing? What elements of actions does it refer to, and how generalized or specific is it? The answers to these questions have come from studies that used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to stimulate motor or somatosensory cortices. In conjunction with electromyography (EMG), TMS allows researchers to examine changes of the excitability in the corticospinal tract and muscles of people viewing pictured actions. The timing of these changes and muscle specificity enable inferences to be drawn about the cognitive products of processing pictured actions in the AON. Based on a review of studies using TMS and other neuroscience methods, I have proposed a novel hypothetical account that describes the characteristics of action photographs that make them effective cues to social perception. This account includes predictions that can be tested experimentally.
format	article
author	Leopold Kislinger
author_facet	Leopold Kislinger
author_sort	Leopold Kislinger
title	Photographs of Actions: What Makes Them Special Cues to Social Perception
title_short	Photographs of Actions: What Makes Them Special Cues to Social Perception
title_full	Photographs of Actions: What Makes Them Special Cues to Social Perception
title_fullStr	Photographs of Actions: What Makes Them Special Cues to Social Perception
title_full_unstemmed	Photographs of Actions: What Makes Them Special Cues to Social Perception
title_sort	photographs of actions: what makes them special cues to social perception
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e25c1130dfb5469a8636cdeb2639d57d
work_keys_str_mv	AT leopoldkislinger photographsofactionswhatmakesthemspecialcuestosocialperception
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Photographs of Actions: What Makes Them Special Cues to Social Perception

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