First Case of Actinomycetoma in France Due to a Novel <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia</italic> Species, <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov

ABSTRACT Bacterial mycetoma is a neglected disease mainly observed in tropical area countries and typically associated with rural conditions, making its presence in developed countries of temperate climate areas rare. However, we report the first case of an autochthonous mycetoma case in continental...

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Autores principales:	Jacques M. Gilquin, Brigitte Riviere, Valme Jurado, Bernard Audouy, Jean-Baptiste Kouatche, Emmanuelle Bergeron, Delphine Mouniée, Thierry Molina, Philippe Faure, Cesáreo Saiz-Jimenez, Verónica Rodríguez-Nava
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2016
Materias:	MLSA Nocardia antibiotic resistance genotypic identification mycetoma phenotypic identification Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e265b59b604a46b789a20b6dbd04f0a1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e265b59b604a46b789a20b6dbd04f0a12021-11-15T15:22:03ZFirst Case of Actinomycetoma in France Due to a Novel <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia</italic> Species, <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov10.1128/mSphere.00309-162379-5042https://doaj.org/article/e265b59b604a46b789a20b6dbd04f0a12016-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00309-16https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Bacterial mycetoma is a neglected disease mainly observed in tropical area countries and typically associated with rural conditions, making its presence in developed countries of temperate climate areas rare. However, we report the first case of an autochthonous mycetoma case in continental France that originated from a new Nocardia species. A Gram-positive filamentous bacterium (OFN 14.177T) was isolated from a pus sample from the mycetoma of a male French patient 92 years old suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The isolate was analyzed by a polyphasic taxonomic approach by coupling morphological, biochemical, physiological, and chemotaxonomic aspects to genomic and phylogenetic analyses. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using four housekeeping genes (16S rRNA gene, secA1, hsp65, and sod) combined with phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strain OFN 14.177T is phylogenetically closer not only to Nocardia altamirensis but also to all other species comprising the Nocardia brasiliensis clade (i.e., N. brasiliensis, N. altamirensis, N. vulneris, N. iowensis, and N. tenerifensis), some of which present cutaneous tropism. The G+C content of isolate OFN 14.177T was 68.2 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization analyses demonstrated 38.25% relative reassociation with N. altamirensis. The strain OFN 14.177T is different from the closest species at genetic and phenotypical levels, and the data obtained indicate that it should be recognized as a new species, for which the name of Nocardia boironii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is OFN 14.177T (= EML 1451 = DSM 101696). IMPORTANCE Bacterial mycetoma is an endemic infection in areas with tropical and subtropical climates. Thus, its presence in temperate climate areas remains rare. We report here the first case of autochthonous actinomycetoma in continental France originating from a Nocardia species other than N. brasiliensis, namely, Nocardia boironii. Considering the history of the patient, the infection source of strain OFN 14.177T may be from frequent contact with the soil over many years because of his gardening activities. The discovery of a French autochthonous Nocardia species responsible for actinomycetoma reveals the importance of considering the possibility of having autochthonous infections of this type in nontropical countries, not only imported cases from tropical countries. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the real incidence of this new species.Jacques M. GilquinBrigitte RiviereValme JuradoBernard AudouyJean-Baptiste KouatcheEmmanuelle BergeronDelphine MouniéeThierry MolinaPhilippe FaureCesáreo Saiz-JimenezVerónica Rodríguez-NavaAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMLSANocardiaantibiotic resistancegenotypic identificationmycetomaphenotypic identificationMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 1, Iss 6 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	MLSA Nocardia antibiotic resistance genotypic identification mycetoma phenotypic identification Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	MLSA Nocardia antibiotic resistance genotypic identification mycetoma phenotypic identification Microbiology QR1-502 Jacques M. Gilquin Brigitte Riviere Valme Jurado Bernard Audouy Jean-Baptiste Kouatche Emmanuelle Bergeron Delphine Mouniée Thierry Molina Philippe Faure Cesáreo Saiz-Jimenez Verónica Rodríguez-Nava First Case of Actinomycetoma in France Due to a Novel <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia</italic> Species, <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov
description	ABSTRACT Bacterial mycetoma is a neglected disease mainly observed in tropical area countries and typically associated with rural conditions, making its presence in developed countries of temperate climate areas rare. However, we report the first case of an autochthonous mycetoma case in continental France that originated from a new Nocardia species. A Gram-positive filamentous bacterium (OFN 14.177T) was isolated from a pus sample from the mycetoma of a male French patient 92 years old suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The isolate was analyzed by a polyphasic taxonomic approach by coupling morphological, biochemical, physiological, and chemotaxonomic aspects to genomic and phylogenetic analyses. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using four housekeeping genes (16S rRNA gene, secA1, hsp65, and sod) combined with phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strain OFN 14.177T is phylogenetically closer not only to Nocardia altamirensis but also to all other species comprising the Nocardia brasiliensis clade (i.e., N. brasiliensis, N. altamirensis, N. vulneris, N. iowensis, and N. tenerifensis), some of which present cutaneous tropism. The G+C content of isolate OFN 14.177T was 68.2 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization analyses demonstrated 38.25% relative reassociation with N. altamirensis. The strain OFN 14.177T is different from the closest species at genetic and phenotypical levels, and the data obtained indicate that it should be recognized as a new species, for which the name of Nocardia boironii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is OFN 14.177T (= EML 1451 = DSM 101696). IMPORTANCE Bacterial mycetoma is an endemic infection in areas with tropical and subtropical climates. Thus, its presence in temperate climate areas remains rare. We report here the first case of autochthonous actinomycetoma in continental France originating from a Nocardia species other than N. brasiliensis, namely, Nocardia boironii. Considering the history of the patient, the infection source of strain OFN 14.177T may be from frequent contact with the soil over many years because of his gardening activities. The discovery of a French autochthonous Nocardia species responsible for actinomycetoma reveals the importance of considering the possibility of having autochthonous infections of this type in nontropical countries, not only imported cases from tropical countries. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the real incidence of this new species.
format	article
author	Jacques M. Gilquin Brigitte Riviere Valme Jurado Bernard Audouy Jean-Baptiste Kouatche Emmanuelle Bergeron Delphine Mouniée Thierry Molina Philippe Faure Cesáreo Saiz-Jimenez Verónica Rodríguez-Nava
author_facet	Jacques M. Gilquin Brigitte Riviere Valme Jurado Bernard Audouy Jean-Baptiste Kouatche Emmanuelle Bergeron Delphine Mouniée Thierry Molina Philippe Faure Cesáreo Saiz-Jimenez Verónica Rodríguez-Nava
author_sort	Jacques M. Gilquin
title	First Case of Actinomycetoma in France Due to a Novel <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia</italic> Species, <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov
title_short	First Case of Actinomycetoma in France Due to a Novel <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia</italic> Species, <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov
title_full	First Case of Actinomycetoma in France Due to a Novel <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia</italic> Species, <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov
title_fullStr	First Case of Actinomycetoma in France Due to a Novel <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia</italic> Species, <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov
title_full_unstemmed	First Case of Actinomycetoma in France Due to a Novel <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia</italic> Species, <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov
title_sort	first case of actinomycetoma in france due to a novel <italic toggle="yes">nocardia</italic> species, <italic toggle="yes">nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/e265b59b604a46b789a20b6dbd04f0a1
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First Case of Actinomycetoma in France Due to a Novel <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia</italic> Species, <italic toggle="yes">Nocardia boironii</italic> sp. nov

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