Novel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells

Paulina Kazimierczak,1 Aleksandra Benko,2 Marek Nocun,2 Agata Przekora11Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 2Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, PolandCorrespondence: Agata PrzekoraDepart...

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Autores principales:	Kazimierczak P, Benko A, Nocun M, Przekora A
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	XPS wettability protein adsorption osteogenic differentiation cell proliferation cryogel Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e27718ffec9a48ba92d7930453e23628
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e27718ffec9a48ba92d7930453e236282021-12-02T11:54:04ZNovel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/e27718ffec9a48ba92d7930453e236282019-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/novel-chitosanagarosehydroxyapatite-nanocomposite-scaffold-for-bone-ti-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Paulina Kazimierczak,1 Aleksandra Benko,2 Marek Nocun,2 Agata Przekora11Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 2Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, PolandCorrespondence: Agata PrzekoraDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, Lublin 20-093, PolandTel +48 81 448 7026Fax +48 81 448 7020Email agata.przekora@umlub.plBackground: Nanocomposites produced by reinforcement of polysaccharide matrix with nanoparticles are widely used in engineering of biomaterials. However, clinical applications of developed novel biomaterials are often limited due to their poor biocompatibility.Purpose: The aim of this work was to comprehensively assess biocompatibility of highly macroporous chitosan/agarose/nanohydroxyapatite bone scaffolds produced by a novel method combining freeze-drying with a foaming agent. Within these studies, blood plasma protein adsorption, osteoblast (MC3T3-E1 Subclone 4 and hFOB 1.19) adhesion and proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue were determined. The obtained results were also correlated with materials’ surface chemistry and wettability to explain the observed protein and cellular response.Results: Obtained results clearly showed that the developed nanocomposite scaffolds were characterized by high biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Importantly, the scaffolds also revealed osteoinductive properties since they have the ability to induce osteogenic differentiation (Runx2 synthesis) in undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells. The surface of biomaterials is extremely hydrophilic, prone to protein adsorption with the highest affinity toward fibronectin binding, which allows for good osteoblast adhesion, spreading, and proliferation.Conclusion: Produced by a novel method, macroporous nanocomposite biomaterials have great potential to be used in regenerative medicine for acceleration of the bone healing process.Keywords: XPS, wettability, protein adsorption, osteogenic differentiation, cell proliferation, cryogelKazimierczak PBenko ANocun MPrzekora ADove Medical PressarticleXPSwettabilityprotein adsorptionosteogenic differentiationcell proliferationcryogelMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 14, Pp 6615-6630 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	XPS wettability protein adsorption osteogenic differentiation cell proliferation cryogel Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	XPS wettability protein adsorption osteogenic differentiation cell proliferation cryogel Medicine (General) R5-920 Kazimierczak P Benko A Nocun M Przekora A Novel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells
description	Paulina Kazimierczak,1 Aleksandra Benko,2 Marek Nocun,2 Agata Przekora11Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 2Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, PolandCorrespondence: Agata PrzekoraDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, Lublin 20-093, PolandTel +48 81 448 7026Fax +48 81 448 7020Email agata.przekora@umlub.plBackground: Nanocomposites produced by reinforcement of polysaccharide matrix with nanoparticles are widely used in engineering of biomaterials. However, clinical applications of developed novel biomaterials are often limited due to their poor biocompatibility.Purpose: The aim of this work was to comprehensively assess biocompatibility of highly macroporous chitosan/agarose/nanohydroxyapatite bone scaffolds produced by a novel method combining freeze-drying with a foaming agent. Within these studies, blood plasma protein adsorption, osteoblast (MC3T3-E1 Subclone 4 and hFOB 1.19) adhesion and proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue were determined. The obtained results were also correlated with materials’ surface chemistry and wettability to explain the observed protein and cellular response.Results: Obtained results clearly showed that the developed nanocomposite scaffolds were characterized by high biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Importantly, the scaffolds also revealed osteoinductive properties since they have the ability to induce osteogenic differentiation (Runx2 synthesis) in undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells. The surface of biomaterials is extremely hydrophilic, prone to protein adsorption with the highest affinity toward fibronectin binding, which allows for good osteoblast adhesion, spreading, and proliferation.Conclusion: Produced by a novel method, macroporous nanocomposite biomaterials have great potential to be used in regenerative medicine for acceleration of the bone healing process.Keywords: XPS, wettability, protein adsorption, osteogenic differentiation, cell proliferation, cryogel
format	article
author	Kazimierczak P Benko A Nocun M Przekora A
author_facet	Kazimierczak P Benko A Nocun M Przekora A
author_sort	Kazimierczak P
title	Novel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells
title_short	Novel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells
title_full	Novel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells
title_fullStr	Novel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells
title_full_unstemmed	Novel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells
title_sort	novel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/e27718ffec9a48ba92d7930453e23628
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Novel chitosan/agarose/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: comprehensive evaluation of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity with the use of osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells

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