Tonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.

Place based frequency discrimination (tonotopy) is a fundamental property of the coiled mammalian cochlea. Sound vibrations mechanically conducted to the hearing organ manifest themselves into slow moving waves that travel along the length of the organ, also referred to as traveling waves. These tra...

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Autores principales:	Arun Palghat Udayashankar, Manfred Kössl, Manuela Nowotny
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e27d7224e23e4ee7a495ea3f365b485c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e27d7224e23e4ee7a495ea3f365b485c2021-11-18T07:28:28ZTonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0031008https://doaj.org/article/e27d7224e23e4ee7a495ea3f365b485c2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22348035/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Place based frequency discrimination (tonotopy) is a fundamental property of the coiled mammalian cochlea. Sound vibrations mechanically conducted to the hearing organ manifest themselves into slow moving waves that travel along the length of the organ, also referred to as traveling waves. These traveling waves form the basis of the tonotopic frequency representation in the inner ear of mammals. However, so far, due to the secure housing of the inner ear, these waves only could be measured partially over small accessible regions of the inner ear in a living animal. Here, we demonstrate the existence of tonotopically ordered traveling waves covering most of the length of a miniature hearing organ in the leg of bushcrickets in vivo using laser Doppler vibrometery. The organ is only 1 mm long and its geometry allowed us to investigate almost the entire length with a wide range of stimuli (6 to 60 kHz). The tonotopic location of the traveling wave peak was exponentially related to stimulus frequency. The traveling wave propagated along the hearing organ from the distal (high frequency) to the proximal (low frequency) part of the leg, which is opposite to the propagation direction of incoming sound waves. In addition, we observed a non-linear compression of the velocity response to varying sound pressure levels. The waves are based on the delicate micromechanics of cellular structures different to those of mammals. Hence place based frequency discrimination by traveling waves is a physical phenomenon that presumably evolved in mammals and bushcrickets independently.Arun Palghat UdayashankarManfred KösslManuela NowotnyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 2, p e31008 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Arun Palghat Udayashankar Manfred Kössl Manuela Nowotny Tonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.
description	Place based frequency discrimination (tonotopy) is a fundamental property of the coiled mammalian cochlea. Sound vibrations mechanically conducted to the hearing organ manifest themselves into slow moving waves that travel along the length of the organ, also referred to as traveling waves. These traveling waves form the basis of the tonotopic frequency representation in the inner ear of mammals. However, so far, due to the secure housing of the inner ear, these waves only could be measured partially over small accessible regions of the inner ear in a living animal. Here, we demonstrate the existence of tonotopically ordered traveling waves covering most of the length of a miniature hearing organ in the leg of bushcrickets in vivo using laser Doppler vibrometery. The organ is only 1 mm long and its geometry allowed us to investigate almost the entire length with a wide range of stimuli (6 to 60 kHz). The tonotopic location of the traveling wave peak was exponentially related to stimulus frequency. The traveling wave propagated along the hearing organ from the distal (high frequency) to the proximal (low frequency) part of the leg, which is opposite to the propagation direction of incoming sound waves. In addition, we observed a non-linear compression of the velocity response to varying sound pressure levels. The waves are based on the delicate micromechanics of cellular structures different to those of mammals. Hence place based frequency discrimination by traveling waves is a physical phenomenon that presumably evolved in mammals and bushcrickets independently.
format	article
author	Arun Palghat Udayashankar Manfred Kössl Manuela Nowotny
author_facet	Arun Palghat Udayashankar Manfred Kössl Manuela Nowotny
author_sort	Arun Palghat Udayashankar
title	Tonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.
title_short	Tonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.
title_full	Tonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.
title_fullStr	Tonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.
title_full_unstemmed	Tonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.
title_sort	tonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/e27d7224e23e4ee7a495ea3f365b485c
work_keys_str_mv	AT arunpalghatudayashankar tonotopicallyarrangedtravelingwavesintheminiaturehearingorganofbushcrickets AT manfredkossl tonotopicallyarrangedtravelingwavesintheminiaturehearingorganofbushcrickets AT manuelanowotny tonotopicallyarrangedtravelingwavesintheminiaturehearingorganofbushcrickets
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Tonotopically arranged traveling waves in the miniature hearing organ of bushcrickets.

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