Climate Change Influences Basidiome Emergence of Leaf-Cutting Ant Cultivars

Maintaining symbiosis homeostasis is essential for mutualistic partners. Leaf-cutting ants evolved a long-term symbiotic mutualism with fungal cultivars for nourishment while using vertical asexual transmission across generations. Despite the ants’ efforts to suppress fungal sexual reproduction, sca...

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Autores principales:	Rodolfo Bizarria, Pepijn W. Kooij, Andre Rodrigues
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	fungal sexual reproduction fungiculture fungus-growing ants mushroom phenology nest architecture Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e2cb26caf2614f499ac393f424248dee
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e2cb26caf2614f499ac393f424248dee2021-11-25T18:05:40ZClimate Change Influences Basidiome Emergence of Leaf-Cutting Ant Cultivars10.3390/jof71109122309-608Xhttps://doaj.org/article/e2cb26caf2614f499ac393f424248dee2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/11/912https://doaj.org/toc/2309-608XMaintaining symbiosis homeostasis is essential for mutualistic partners. Leaf-cutting ants evolved a long-term symbiotic mutualism with fungal cultivars for nourishment while using vertical asexual transmission across generations. Despite the ants’ efforts to suppress fungal sexual reproduction, scattered occurrences of cultivar basidiomes have been reported. Here, we review the literature for basidiome occurrences and associated climate data. We hypothesized that more basidiome events could be expected in scenarios with an increase in temperature and precipitation. Our field observations and climate data analyses indeed suggest that <i>Acromyrmex coronatus</i> colonies are prone to basidiome occurrences in warmer and wetter seasons. Even though our study partly depended on historical records, occurrences have increased, correlating with climate change. A nest architecture with low (or even the lack of) insulation might be the cause of this phenomenon. The nature of basidiome occurrences in the <i>A. coronatus</i>–fungus mutualism can be useful to elucidate how resilient mutualistic symbioses are in light of climate change scenarios.Rodolfo BizarriaPepijn W. KooijAndre RodriguesMDPI AGarticlefungal sexual reproductionfungiculturefungus-growing antsmushroom phenologynest architectureBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENJournal of Fungi, Vol 7, Iss 912, p 912 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	fungal sexual reproduction fungiculture fungus-growing ants mushroom phenology nest architecture Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	fungal sexual reproduction fungiculture fungus-growing ants mushroom phenology nest architecture Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Rodolfo Bizarria Pepijn W. Kooij Andre Rodrigues Climate Change Influences Basidiome Emergence of Leaf-Cutting Ant Cultivars
description	Maintaining symbiosis homeostasis is essential for mutualistic partners. Leaf-cutting ants evolved a long-term symbiotic mutualism with fungal cultivars for nourishment while using vertical asexual transmission across generations. Despite the ants’ efforts to suppress fungal sexual reproduction, scattered occurrences of cultivar basidiomes have been reported. Here, we review the literature for basidiome occurrences and associated climate data. We hypothesized that more basidiome events could be expected in scenarios with an increase in temperature and precipitation. Our field observations and climate data analyses indeed suggest that <i>Acromyrmex coronatus</i> colonies are prone to basidiome occurrences in warmer and wetter seasons. Even though our study partly depended on historical records, occurrences have increased, correlating with climate change. A nest architecture with low (or even the lack of) insulation might be the cause of this phenomenon. The nature of basidiome occurrences in the <i>A. coronatus</i>–fungus mutualism can be useful to elucidate how resilient mutualistic symbioses are in light of climate change scenarios.
format	article
author	Rodolfo Bizarria Pepijn W. Kooij Andre Rodrigues
author_facet	Rodolfo Bizarria Pepijn W. Kooij Andre Rodrigues
author_sort	Rodolfo Bizarria
title	Climate Change Influences Basidiome Emergence of Leaf-Cutting Ant Cultivars
title_short	Climate Change Influences Basidiome Emergence of Leaf-Cutting Ant Cultivars
title_full	Climate Change Influences Basidiome Emergence of Leaf-Cutting Ant Cultivars
title_fullStr	Climate Change Influences Basidiome Emergence of Leaf-Cutting Ant Cultivars
title_full_unstemmed	Climate Change Influences Basidiome Emergence of Leaf-Cutting Ant Cultivars
title_sort	climate change influences basidiome emergence of leaf-cutting ant cultivars
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e2cb26caf2614f499ac393f424248dee
work_keys_str_mv	AT rodolfobizarria climatechangeinfluencesbasidiomeemergenceofleafcuttingantcultivars AT pepijnwkooij climatechangeinfluencesbasidiomeemergenceofleafcuttingantcultivars AT andrerodrigues climatechangeinfluencesbasidiomeemergenceofleafcuttingantcultivars
_version_	1718411652205903872

Climate Change Influences Basidiome Emergence of Leaf-Cutting Ant Cultivars

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