Inhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine

Abstract The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is highly dependent on cell-to-cell interaction for transmission and productive infection. Cell-to-cell interactions through the virological synapse, biofilm-like structures and cellular conduits have been reported, but the relative contributi...

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Autores principales:	Maria Omsland, Cynthia Pise-Masison, Dai Fujikawa, Veronica Galli, Claudio Fenizia, Robyn Washington Parks, Bjørn Tore Gjertsen, Genoveffa Franchini, Vibeke Andresen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e30af1feb123481aae23ed45050ec7e4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e30af1feb123481aae23ed45050ec7e42021-12-02T15:09:09ZInhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine10.1038/s41598-018-29391-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e30af1feb123481aae23ed45050ec7e42018-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29391-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is highly dependent on cell-to-cell interaction for transmission and productive infection. Cell-to-cell interactions through the virological synapse, biofilm-like structures and cellular conduits have been reported, but the relative contribution of each mechanism on HTLV-1 transmission still remains vastly unknown. The HTLV-1 protein p8 has been found to increase viral transmission and cellular conduits. Here we show that HTLV-1 expressing cells are interconnected by tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) defined as thin structures containing F-actin and lack of tubulin connecting two cells. TNTs connected HTLV-1 expressing cells and uninfected T-cells and monocytes and the viral proteins Tax and Gag localized to these TNTs. The HTLV-1 expressing protein p8 was found to induce TNT formation. Treatment of MT-2 cells with the nucleoside analog cytarabine (cytosine arabinoside, AraC) reduced number of TNTs and furthermore reduced TNT formation induced by the p8 protein. Intercellular transmission of HTLV-1 through TNTs provides a means of escape from recognition by the immune system. Cytarabine could represent a novel anti-HTLV-1 drug interfering with viral transmission.Maria OmslandCynthia Pise-MasisonDai FujikawaVeronica GalliClaudio FeniziaRobyn Washington ParksBjørn Tore GjertsenGenoveffa FranchiniVibeke AndresenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Maria Omsland Cynthia Pise-Masison Dai Fujikawa Veronica Galli Claudio Fenizia Robyn Washington Parks Bjørn Tore Gjertsen Genoveffa Franchini Vibeke Andresen Inhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine
description	Abstract The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is highly dependent on cell-to-cell interaction for transmission and productive infection. Cell-to-cell interactions through the virological synapse, biofilm-like structures and cellular conduits have been reported, but the relative contribution of each mechanism on HTLV-1 transmission still remains vastly unknown. The HTLV-1 protein p8 has been found to increase viral transmission and cellular conduits. Here we show that HTLV-1 expressing cells are interconnected by tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) defined as thin structures containing F-actin and lack of tubulin connecting two cells. TNTs connected HTLV-1 expressing cells and uninfected T-cells and monocytes and the viral proteins Tax and Gag localized to these TNTs. The HTLV-1 expressing protein p8 was found to induce TNT formation. Treatment of MT-2 cells with the nucleoside analog cytarabine (cytosine arabinoside, AraC) reduced number of TNTs and furthermore reduced TNT formation induced by the p8 protein. Intercellular transmission of HTLV-1 through TNTs provides a means of escape from recognition by the immune system. Cytarabine could represent a novel anti-HTLV-1 drug interfering with viral transmission.
format	article
author	Maria Omsland Cynthia Pise-Masison Dai Fujikawa Veronica Galli Claudio Fenizia Robyn Washington Parks Bjørn Tore Gjertsen Genoveffa Franchini Vibeke Andresen
author_facet	Maria Omsland Cynthia Pise-Masison Dai Fujikawa Veronica Galli Claudio Fenizia Robyn Washington Parks Bjørn Tore Gjertsen Genoveffa Franchini Vibeke Andresen
author_sort	Maria Omsland
title	Inhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine
title_short	Inhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine
title_full	Inhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine
title_fullStr	Inhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine
title_full_unstemmed	Inhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine
title_sort	inhibition of tunneling nanotube (tnt) formation and human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 (htlv-1) transmission by cytarabine
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/e30af1feb123481aae23ed45050ec7e4
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Inhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine

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