No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study

Background: Chronotype is the pattern of the circadian rhythm that allows an individual to optimize times of sleep and activity. It has been observed that chronotypes may associate with some conditions and diseases, including obesity. It is not known, however, whether chronotypes determine the effec...

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Autores principales:	Zofia Strojny, Rafał Rutkowski, Alina Kanikowska, Agnieszka Zawada, Aldona Juchacz, Marian Grzymisławski, Maki Sato, Monika Litwinowicz, Katarzyna Korybalska, Andrzej Bręborowicz, Janusz Witowski, Dominika Kanikowska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chronotype calorie restriction obesity Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e32bd3c631d74fa7b89604c14285937a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e32bd3c631d74fa7b89604c14285937a2021-11-25T18:36:40ZNo Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study10.3390/nu131140892072-6643https://doaj.org/article/e32bd3c631d74fa7b89604c14285937a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4089https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Background: Chronotype is the pattern of the circadian rhythm that allows an individual to optimize times of sleep and activity. It has been observed that chronotypes may associate with some conditions and diseases, including obesity. It is not known, however, whether chronotypes determine the effectiveness of weight loss regimens. Therefore, in the present study, we compared the outcomes of a 3-week moderate calorie restriction undertaken by individuals with obesity under the same controlled hospital conditions. Methods: A total of 131 participants with obesity (median BMI 40.0) were studied. The subjects underwent the same dietary intervention over 3 weeks, with a 30% reduction in daily caloric intake. The individual chronotypes were assessed by the morning and evening questionnaire (MEQ) according to Horne and Östberg. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed by routine methods. Results: Of all patients examined, 75% had the morning (lark) chronotype and 25% had the evening (owl) chronotype. These patient sub-groups did not differ in terms of demographic, anthropometric and biochemical characteristics at baseline. After 3 weeks of calorie restriction, both groups experienced a similar loss of weight and BMI (Body Mass Index) (3.4 ± 0.38% for larks vs. 4.1 ± 0.47% for owls, <i>p</i> = 0.45), with owls exhibiting a marginally greater loss of body fat (3.1 ± 0.79%) compared with larks (2.6 ± 0.64%), <i>p</i> = 0.02. On the other hand, the larks had a more discernable, but not statistically significant from owls, decrease in glycated haemoglobin and CRP (C Reactive Protein). Conclusions: The chronotype of individuals with obesity does not have a significant effect on the magnitude of the body weight loss, but there is a tendency observed towards the reduction in body fat content in owls through changing their meal and sleep timing to earlier hours, in response to moderate calorie restriction applied under the same controlled conditions.Zofia StrojnyRafał RutkowskiAlina KanikowskaAgnieszka ZawadaAldona JuchaczMarian GrzymisławskiMaki SatoMonika LitwinowiczKatarzyna KorybalskaAndrzej BręborowiczJanusz WitowskiDominika KanikowskaMDPI AGarticlechronotypecalorie restrictionobesityNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 4089, p 4089 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chronotype calorie restriction obesity Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	chronotype calorie restriction obesity Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Zofia Strojny Rafał Rutkowski Alina Kanikowska Agnieszka Zawada Aldona Juchacz Marian Grzymisławski Maki Sato Monika Litwinowicz Katarzyna Korybalska Andrzej Bręborowicz Janusz Witowski Dominika Kanikowska No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study
description	Background: Chronotype is the pattern of the circadian rhythm that allows an individual to optimize times of sleep and activity. It has been observed that chronotypes may associate with some conditions and diseases, including obesity. It is not known, however, whether chronotypes determine the effectiveness of weight loss regimens. Therefore, in the present study, we compared the outcomes of a 3-week moderate calorie restriction undertaken by individuals with obesity under the same controlled hospital conditions. Methods: A total of 131 participants with obesity (median BMI 40.0) were studied. The subjects underwent the same dietary intervention over 3 weeks, with a 30% reduction in daily caloric intake. The individual chronotypes were assessed by the morning and evening questionnaire (MEQ) according to Horne and Östberg. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed by routine methods. Results: Of all patients examined, 75% had the morning (lark) chronotype and 25% had the evening (owl) chronotype. These patient sub-groups did not differ in terms of demographic, anthropometric and biochemical characteristics at baseline. After 3 weeks of calorie restriction, both groups experienced a similar loss of weight and BMI (Body Mass Index) (3.4 ± 0.38% for larks vs. 4.1 ± 0.47% for owls, <i>p</i> = 0.45), with owls exhibiting a marginally greater loss of body fat (3.1 ± 0.79%) compared with larks (2.6 ± 0.64%), <i>p</i> = 0.02. On the other hand, the larks had a more discernable, but not statistically significant from owls, decrease in glycated haemoglobin and CRP (C Reactive Protein). Conclusions: The chronotype of individuals with obesity does not have a significant effect on the magnitude of the body weight loss, but there is a tendency observed towards the reduction in body fat content in owls through changing their meal and sleep timing to earlier hours, in response to moderate calorie restriction applied under the same controlled conditions.
format	article
author	Zofia Strojny Rafał Rutkowski Alina Kanikowska Agnieszka Zawada Aldona Juchacz Marian Grzymisławski Maki Sato Monika Litwinowicz Katarzyna Korybalska Andrzej Bręborowicz Janusz Witowski Dominika Kanikowska
author_facet	Zofia Strojny Rafał Rutkowski Alina Kanikowska Agnieszka Zawada Aldona Juchacz Marian Grzymisławski Maki Sato Monika Litwinowicz Katarzyna Korybalska Andrzej Bręborowicz Janusz Witowski Dominika Kanikowska
author_sort	Zofia Strojny
title	No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study
title_short	No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study
title_full	No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study
title_fullStr	No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed	No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study
title_sort	no significant effect of the individual chronotype on the result of moderate calorie restriction for obesity—a pilot study
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e32bd3c631d74fa7b89604c14285937a
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No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study

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