Effect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: An ex vivo model of laminitis.

Laminitis is one of the most devastating diseases in equine medicine, and although several etiopathogenetic mechanisms have been proposed, few clear answers have been identified to date. Several lines of evidence point towards its underlying pathology as being metabolism-related. In the carbonyl str...

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Autores principales:	Cristina Vercelli, Massimiliano Tursi, Silvia Miretti, Gessica Giusto, Marco Gandini, Giovanni Re, Emanuela Valle
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e35d10f257cf4636835b94fb9dae9544
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e35d10f257cf4636835b94fb9dae95442021-12-02T20:06:25ZEffect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: An ex vivo model of laminitis.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0253840https://doaj.org/article/e35d10f257cf4636835b94fb9dae95442021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253840https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Laminitis is one of the most devastating diseases in equine medicine, and although several etiopathogenetic mechanisms have been proposed, few clear answers have been identified to date. Several lines of evidence point towards its underlying pathology as being metabolism-related. In the carbonyl stress pathway, sugars are converted to methylglyoxal (MG)-a highly reactive α-oxoaldehyde, mainly derived during glycolysis in eukaryotic cells from the triose phosphates: D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. One common hypothesis is that MG could be synthesized during the digestive process in horses, and excessive levels absorbed into peripheral blood could be delivered to the foot and lead to alterations in the hoof lamellar structure. In the present study, employing an ex vivo experimental design, different concentrations of MG were applied to hoof explants (HE), which were then incubated and maintained in a specific medium for 24 and 48 h. Macroscopic and histological analyses and a separation force test were performed at 24 and 48 h post-MG application. Gene expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -14 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 were also measured at each time point for all experimental conditions. High concentrations of MG induced macroscopic and histological changes mimicking laminitis. The separation force test revealed that hoof tissue samples incubated for 24 h in a high concentration of MG, or with lower doses but for a longer period (48 h), demonstrated significant weaknesses, and samples were easily separated. All results support that high levels of MG could induce irreversible damage in HEs, mimicking laminitis in an ex vivo model.Cristina VercelliMassimiliano TursiSilvia MirettiGessica GiustoMarco GandiniGiovanni ReEmanuela VallePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0253840 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Cristina Vercelli Massimiliano Tursi Silvia Miretti Gessica Giusto Marco Gandini Giovanni Re Emanuela Valle Effect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: An ex vivo model of laminitis.
description	Laminitis is one of the most devastating diseases in equine medicine, and although several etiopathogenetic mechanisms have been proposed, few clear answers have been identified to date. Several lines of evidence point towards its underlying pathology as being metabolism-related. In the carbonyl stress pathway, sugars are converted to methylglyoxal (MG)-a highly reactive α-oxoaldehyde, mainly derived during glycolysis in eukaryotic cells from the triose phosphates: D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. One common hypothesis is that MG could be synthesized during the digestive process in horses, and excessive levels absorbed into peripheral blood could be delivered to the foot and lead to alterations in the hoof lamellar structure. In the present study, employing an ex vivo experimental design, different concentrations of MG were applied to hoof explants (HE), which were then incubated and maintained in a specific medium for 24 and 48 h. Macroscopic and histological analyses and a separation force test were performed at 24 and 48 h post-MG application. Gene expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -14 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 were also measured at each time point for all experimental conditions. High concentrations of MG induced macroscopic and histological changes mimicking laminitis. The separation force test revealed that hoof tissue samples incubated for 24 h in a high concentration of MG, or with lower doses but for a longer period (48 h), demonstrated significant weaknesses, and samples were easily separated. All results support that high levels of MG could induce irreversible damage in HEs, mimicking laminitis in an ex vivo model.
format	article
author	Cristina Vercelli Massimiliano Tursi Silvia Miretti Gessica Giusto Marco Gandini Giovanni Re Emanuela Valle
author_facet	Cristina Vercelli Massimiliano Tursi Silvia Miretti Gessica Giusto Marco Gandini Giovanni Re Emanuela Valle
author_sort	Cristina Vercelli
title	Effect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: An ex vivo model of laminitis.
title_short	Effect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: An ex vivo model of laminitis.
title_full	Effect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: An ex vivo model of laminitis.
title_fullStr	Effect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: An ex vivo model of laminitis.
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: An ex vivo model of laminitis.
title_sort	effect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: an ex vivo model of laminitis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e35d10f257cf4636835b94fb9dae9544
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Effect of sugar metabolite methylglyoxal on equine lamellar explants: An ex vivo model of laminitis.

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