Understanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Gender norms prescribe domestic labor as primarily a female’s responsibility in developing countries. Many domestic tasks depend on access to water, so the physical, emotional, and time demands of domestic labor may be exacerbated for women living in water-insecure environments. We developed a set o...

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Autores principales:	Abisola Osinuga, Brandi Janssen, Nathan B Fethke, William T Story, John A Imaledo, Kelly K Baker
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	domestic work women rural water insecurity factor analysis Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e36765cf21864eb0a3192e45f10ffbd4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e36765cf21864eb0a3192e45f10ffbd42021-11-11T16:11:50ZUnderstanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis10.3390/ijerph1821110431660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/e36765cf21864eb0a3192e45f10ffbd42021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11043https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Gender norms prescribe domestic labor as primarily a female’s responsibility in developing countries. Many domestic tasks depend on access to water, so the physical, emotional, and time demands of domestic labor may be exacerbated for women living in water-insecure environments. We developed a set of domestic work experience (DWE) measures tailored to work in rural areas in developing countries, assessed rural Nigerian women’s DWE, and examined relationships among the measures. Interviewer-administered survey data were collected between August and September from 256 women in four rural Nigerian communities. Latent factors of DWE were identified by analyzing survey items using confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson’s correlation was used to examine relationships among latent factor scores, and multivariate linear regression models were used to determine if factor scores significantly differed across socio-demographic characteristics. The DWE measures consisted of latent factors of the physical domain (frequency of common domestic tasks, water sourcing and carriage, experience of water scarcity), the psychosocial domain (stress appraisal and demand–control), and the social domain (social support). Significant correlations were observed among the latent factors within and across domains. Results revealed the importance of measuring rural Nigerian women’s DWE using multiple and contextual approaches rather than relying solely on one exposure measure. Multiple inter-related factors contributed to women’s DWE. Water insecurity exacerbated the physical and emotional demands of domestic labor DWE varied across age categories and pregnancy status among rural Nigerian women.Abisola OsinugaBrandi JanssenNathan B FethkeWilliam T StoryJohn A ImaledoKelly K BakerMDPI AGarticledomestic workwomenruralwater insecurityfactor analysisMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11043, p 11043 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	domestic work women rural water insecurity factor analysis Medicine R
spellingShingle	domestic work women rural water insecurity factor analysis Medicine R Abisola Osinuga Brandi Janssen Nathan B Fethke William T Story John A Imaledo Kelly K Baker Understanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis
description	Gender norms prescribe domestic labor as primarily a female’s responsibility in developing countries. Many domestic tasks depend on access to water, so the physical, emotional, and time demands of domestic labor may be exacerbated for women living in water-insecure environments. We developed a set of domestic work experience (DWE) measures tailored to work in rural areas in developing countries, assessed rural Nigerian women’s DWE, and examined relationships among the measures. Interviewer-administered survey data were collected between August and September from 256 women in four rural Nigerian communities. Latent factors of DWE were identified by analyzing survey items using confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson’s correlation was used to examine relationships among latent factor scores, and multivariate linear regression models were used to determine if factor scores significantly differed across socio-demographic characteristics. The DWE measures consisted of latent factors of the physical domain (frequency of common domestic tasks, water sourcing and carriage, experience of water scarcity), the psychosocial domain (stress appraisal and demand–control), and the social domain (social support). Significant correlations were observed among the latent factors within and across domains. Results revealed the importance of measuring rural Nigerian women’s DWE using multiple and contextual approaches rather than relying solely on one exposure measure. Multiple inter-related factors contributed to women’s DWE. Water insecurity exacerbated the physical and emotional demands of domestic labor DWE varied across age categories and pregnancy status among rural Nigerian women.
format	article
author	Abisola Osinuga Brandi Janssen Nathan B Fethke William T Story John A Imaledo Kelly K Baker
author_facet	Abisola Osinuga Brandi Janssen Nathan B Fethke William T Story John A Imaledo Kelly K Baker
author_sort	Abisola Osinuga
title	Understanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis
title_short	Understanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis
title_full	Understanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis
title_fullStr	Understanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Understanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis
title_sort	understanding rural women’s domestic work experiences (dwe) in ibadan, nigeria: development of a measurement tool using confirmatory factor analysis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e36765cf21864eb0a3192e45f10ffbd4
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Understanding Rural Women’s Domestic Work Experiences (DWE) in Ibadan, Nigeria: Development of a Measurement Tool Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

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