A single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging arbovirus associated with several recent large-scale epidemics. The 2005-2006 epidemic on Reunion island that resulted in approximately 266,000 human cases was associated with a strain of CHIKV with a mutation in the envelope protein gene (E1-A226V). To test...

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Autores principales:	Konstantin A Tsetsarkin, Dana L Vanlandingham, Charles E McGee, Stephen Higgs
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2007
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e37d22a72e0440f8ab4e182cbbf54687
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e37d22a72e0440f8ab4e182cbbf546872021-11-25T05:46:48ZA single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.0030201https://doaj.org/article/e37d22a72e0440f8ab4e182cbbf546872007-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0030201https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging arbovirus associated with several recent large-scale epidemics. The 2005-2006 epidemic on Reunion island that resulted in approximately 266,000 human cases was associated with a strain of CHIKV with a mutation in the envelope protein gene (E1-A226V). To test the hypothesis that this mutation in the epidemic CHIKV (strain LR2006 OPY1) might influence fitness for different vector species, viral infectivity, dissemination, and transmission of CHIKV were compared in Aedes albopictus, the species implicated in the epidemic, and the recognized vector Ae. aegypti. Using viral infectious clones of the Reunion strain and a West African strain of CHIKV, into which either the E1-226 A or V mutation was engineered, we demonstrated that the E1-A226V mutation was directly responsible for a significant increase in CHIKV infectivity for Ae. albopictus, and led to more efficient viral dissemination into mosquito secondary organs and transmission to suckling mice. This mutation caused a marginal decrease in CHIKV Ae. aegypti midgut infectivity, had no effect on viral dissemination, and was associated with a slight increase in transmission by Ae. aegypti to suckling mice in competition experiments. The effect of the E1-A226V mutation on cholesterol dependence of CHIKV was also analyzed, revealing an association between cholesterol dependence and increased fitness of CHIKV in Ae. albopictus. Our observation that a single amino acid substitution can influence vector specificity provides a plausible explanation of how this mutant virus caused an epidemic in a region lacking the typical vector. This has important implications with respect to how viruses may establish a transmission cycle when introduced into a new area. Due to the widespread distribution of Ae. albopictus, this mutation increases the potential for CHIKV to permanently extend its range into Europe and the Americas.Konstantin A TsetsarkinDana L VanlandinghamCharles E McGeeStephen HiggsPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 3, Iss 12, p e201 (2007)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Konstantin A Tsetsarkin Dana L Vanlandingham Charles E McGee Stephen Higgs A single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.
description	Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging arbovirus associated with several recent large-scale epidemics. The 2005-2006 epidemic on Reunion island that resulted in approximately 266,000 human cases was associated with a strain of CHIKV with a mutation in the envelope protein gene (E1-A226V). To test the hypothesis that this mutation in the epidemic CHIKV (strain LR2006 OPY1) might influence fitness for different vector species, viral infectivity, dissemination, and transmission of CHIKV were compared in Aedes albopictus, the species implicated in the epidemic, and the recognized vector Ae. aegypti. Using viral infectious clones of the Reunion strain and a West African strain of CHIKV, into which either the E1-226 A or V mutation was engineered, we demonstrated that the E1-A226V mutation was directly responsible for a significant increase in CHIKV infectivity for Ae. albopictus, and led to more efficient viral dissemination into mosquito secondary organs and transmission to suckling mice. This mutation caused a marginal decrease in CHIKV Ae. aegypti midgut infectivity, had no effect on viral dissemination, and was associated with a slight increase in transmission by Ae. aegypti to suckling mice in competition experiments. The effect of the E1-A226V mutation on cholesterol dependence of CHIKV was also analyzed, revealing an association between cholesterol dependence and increased fitness of CHIKV in Ae. albopictus. Our observation that a single amino acid substitution can influence vector specificity provides a plausible explanation of how this mutant virus caused an epidemic in a region lacking the typical vector. This has important implications with respect to how viruses may establish a transmission cycle when introduced into a new area. Due to the widespread distribution of Ae. albopictus, this mutation increases the potential for CHIKV to permanently extend its range into Europe and the Americas.
format	article
author	Konstantin A Tsetsarkin Dana L Vanlandingham Charles E McGee Stephen Higgs
author_facet	Konstantin A Tsetsarkin Dana L Vanlandingham Charles E McGee Stephen Higgs
author_sort	Konstantin A Tsetsarkin
title	A single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.
title_short	A single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.
title_full	A single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.
title_fullStr	A single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.
title_full_unstemmed	A single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.
title_sort	single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2007
url	https://doaj.org/article/e37d22a72e0440f8ab4e182cbbf54687
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A single mutation in chikungunya virus affects vector specificity and epidemic potential.

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