Phytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic Leaves extract of Hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the Kidneys of albino Wistar Rats

Background: Hypoestes rosea (family: Acanthacea), has been harnessed and utilized for treatment of several ailments. However, there is the paucity of available data on nephrotoxicity associated with this herb. Here, we investigated the phytochemical profile and toxicological effect of H. rosea on Wi...

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Autores principales:	Anthony Uchenna Emeribe, Stanley Obialor Anyanwu, Idongesit Kokoabasi Isong, Uno Remi Bassey, Imeobong Joseph Inyang, Emmanuel Onyekachukwu Ibeneme, Enosakhare Aiyudubie Asemota, Zibril Okhormhe, Bassey Icha, Idris Nasir Abdullahi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Hypoestes rosea Kidney function Phytochemicals Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e395136fbb584e1e9398f7ec30f59da9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e395136fbb584e1e9398f7ec30f59da92021-11-20T04:56:21ZPhytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic Leaves extract of Hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the Kidneys of albino Wistar Rats1319-562X10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.045https://doaj.org/article/e395136fbb584e1e9398f7ec30f59da92021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X21006276https://doaj.org/toc/1319-562XBackground: Hypoestes rosea (family: Acanthacea), has been harnessed and utilized for treatment of several ailments. However, there is the paucity of available data on nephrotoxicity associated with this herb. Here, we investigated the phytochemical profile and toxicological effect of H. rosea on Wistar Rats. Methods: Twenty rats (weight range: 75–100 g) were assigned into five study groups, viz; (a) control (without treatment) (b) treatment group 1, orally administered with 50 mg/kg (c) treatment group 2, orally administered with 100 mg/kg (d) treatment group 3, orally administered with 250 mg/kg, and (e) treatment group 4, orally administered with 300 mg/kg of H. rosea, respectively for 28 days of four rats per group. The rats were made unconscious by using oral administration of chloroform. Cardiac punctures were made, and blood samples collected into 10 ml labeled plain container, allowed to clot and spun to harvest serum for determination of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, urea and creatinine using colorimetric, back-titrimetric, Urease-Berthelot and Jaffe’s reaction methods respectively. Kidneys of rats were harvested, weighed and immediately fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histological analysis. Result: Mean serum sodium (p = 0.049), potassium (p = 0.007), and urea (p < 0.001) levels were significantly higher among the treatment groups compared to controls. Histopathological findings of kidney sections revealed mild glomerular infiltration in treatment groups 2–4. Additionally, sclerosis was observed in groups 3–4. Phytochemical analysis of H. rosea revealed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, steroids and reducing sugars. Conclusion: From the findings in this study, H. rosea leaf extract causes significant damage to the kidneys of Wistar rats at higher doses. Of which, the damages were dose-dependent in direct proportionality manner. To better determine the safe dosage and ideal duration of consumption, there is the need for further studies on H. rosea.Anthony Uchenna EmeribeStanley Obialor AnyanwuIdongesit Kokoabasi IsongUno Remi BasseyImeobong Joseph InyangEmmanuel Onyekachukwu IbenemeEnosakhare Aiyudubie AsemotaZibril OkhormheBassey IchaIdris Nasir AbdullahiElsevierarticleHypoestes roseaKidney functionPhytochemicalsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENSaudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 28, Iss 12, Pp 6748-6755 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Hypoestes rosea Kidney function Phytochemicals Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Hypoestes rosea Kidney function Phytochemicals Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Anthony Uchenna Emeribe Stanley Obialor Anyanwu Idongesit Kokoabasi Isong Uno Remi Bassey Imeobong Joseph Inyang Emmanuel Onyekachukwu Ibeneme Enosakhare Aiyudubie Asemota Zibril Okhormhe Bassey Icha Idris Nasir Abdullahi Phytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic Leaves extract of Hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the Kidneys of albino Wistar Rats
description	Background: Hypoestes rosea (family: Acanthacea), has been harnessed and utilized for treatment of several ailments. However, there is the paucity of available data on nephrotoxicity associated with this herb. Here, we investigated the phytochemical profile and toxicological effect of H. rosea on Wistar Rats. Methods: Twenty rats (weight range: 75–100 g) were assigned into five study groups, viz; (a) control (without treatment) (b) treatment group 1, orally administered with 50 mg/kg (c) treatment group 2, orally administered with 100 mg/kg (d) treatment group 3, orally administered with 250 mg/kg, and (e) treatment group 4, orally administered with 300 mg/kg of H. rosea, respectively for 28 days of four rats per group. The rats were made unconscious by using oral administration of chloroform. Cardiac punctures were made, and blood samples collected into 10 ml labeled plain container, allowed to clot and spun to harvest serum for determination of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, urea and creatinine using colorimetric, back-titrimetric, Urease-Berthelot and Jaffe’s reaction methods respectively. Kidneys of rats were harvested, weighed and immediately fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histological analysis. Result: Mean serum sodium (p = 0.049), potassium (p = 0.007), and urea (p < 0.001) levels were significantly higher among the treatment groups compared to controls. Histopathological findings of kidney sections revealed mild glomerular infiltration in treatment groups 2–4. Additionally, sclerosis was observed in groups 3–4. Phytochemical analysis of H. rosea revealed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, steroids and reducing sugars. Conclusion: From the findings in this study, H. rosea leaf extract causes significant damage to the kidneys of Wistar rats at higher doses. Of which, the damages were dose-dependent in direct proportionality manner. To better determine the safe dosage and ideal duration of consumption, there is the need for further studies on H. rosea.
format	article
author	Anthony Uchenna Emeribe Stanley Obialor Anyanwu Idongesit Kokoabasi Isong Uno Remi Bassey Imeobong Joseph Inyang Emmanuel Onyekachukwu Ibeneme Enosakhare Aiyudubie Asemota Zibril Okhormhe Bassey Icha Idris Nasir Abdullahi
author_facet	Anthony Uchenna Emeribe Stanley Obialor Anyanwu Idongesit Kokoabasi Isong Uno Remi Bassey Imeobong Joseph Inyang Emmanuel Onyekachukwu Ibeneme Enosakhare Aiyudubie Asemota Zibril Okhormhe Bassey Icha Idris Nasir Abdullahi
author_sort	Anthony Uchenna Emeribe
title	Phytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic Leaves extract of Hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the Kidneys of albino Wistar Rats
title_short	Phytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic Leaves extract of Hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the Kidneys of albino Wistar Rats
title_full	Phytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic Leaves extract of Hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the Kidneys of albino Wistar Rats
title_fullStr	Phytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic Leaves extract of Hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the Kidneys of albino Wistar Rats
title_full_unstemmed	Phytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic Leaves extract of Hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the Kidneys of albino Wistar Rats
title_sort	phytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic leaves extract of hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the kidneys of albino wistar rats
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e395136fbb584e1e9398f7ec30f59da9
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Phytochemical analysis and toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic Leaves extract of Hypoestes rosea on the morphology and biochemical indices of the Kidneys of albino Wistar Rats

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