Comparison of Auxin and Cytokinins Concentrations, and the Structure of Bacterial Community between Host Twigs and <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Galls

Insect galls are the abnormal growth of plant tissues induced by a wide variety of galling insects and characterized by high concentrations of auxins and cytokinins. It remains unclear whether the auxins and cytokinins affect the bacterial community structure of insect galls. We determined the conce...

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Autores principales:	Xue-Mei Yang, Yu Hui, Lv-Quan Zhao, Dao-Hong Zhu, Yang Zeng, Xiao-Hui Yang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	insect galls auxin cytokinin gall wasp bacterial community <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e3b95377b16d41118da8816b51567510
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e3b95377b16d41118da8816b515675102021-11-25T17:59:16ZComparison of Auxin and Cytokinins Concentrations, and the Structure of Bacterial Community between Host Twigs and <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Galls10.3390/insects121109822075-4450https://doaj.org/article/e3b95377b16d41118da8816b515675102021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/11/982https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4450Insect galls are the abnormal growth of plant tissues induced by a wide variety of galling insects and characterized by high concentrations of auxins and cytokinins. It remains unclear whether the auxins and cytokinins affect the bacterial community structure of insect galls. We determined the concentrations of indoleacetic acid (IAA) as an example of auxin, trans-zeatin riboside (tZR) and isopentenyladenine (iP) as cytokinins in <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) galls and the galled twigs of <i>Lithocarpus glaber</i> (Fagaceae) using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Moreover, for the first time, we compared the bacterial community structure of <i>L. arcoverticus</i> galls and galled twigs by high-throughput sequencing, and calculated the Spearman correlation and associated degree of significance between the IAA, tZR and iP concentrations and the bacterial community structure. Our results indicated the concentrations of IAA, tZR and iP were higher in <i>L. arcoverticus</i> galls than in galled twigs, and positively correlated with the bacterial community structure of <i>L. arcoverticus</i> galls. We suggest the high concentrations of IAA, tZR and iP may affect the bacterial community structure of <i>L. arcoverticus</i> galls.Xue-Mei YangYu HuiLv-Quan ZhaoDao-Hong ZhuYang ZengXiao-Hui YangMDPI AGarticleinsect gallsauxincytokiningall waspbacterial community<i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i>ScienceQENInsects, Vol 12, Iss 982, p 982 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	insect galls auxin cytokinin gall wasp bacterial community <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Science Q
spellingShingle	insect galls auxin cytokinin gall wasp bacterial community <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Science Q Xue-Mei Yang Yu Hui Lv-Quan Zhao Dao-Hong Zhu Yang Zeng Xiao-Hui Yang Comparison of Auxin and Cytokinins Concentrations, and the Structure of Bacterial Community between Host Twigs and <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Galls
description	Insect galls are the abnormal growth of plant tissues induced by a wide variety of galling insects and characterized by high concentrations of auxins and cytokinins. It remains unclear whether the auxins and cytokinins affect the bacterial community structure of insect galls. We determined the concentrations of indoleacetic acid (IAA) as an example of auxin, trans-zeatin riboside (tZR) and isopentenyladenine (iP) as cytokinins in <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) galls and the galled twigs of <i>Lithocarpus glaber</i> (Fagaceae) using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Moreover, for the first time, we compared the bacterial community structure of <i>L. arcoverticus</i> galls and galled twigs by high-throughput sequencing, and calculated the Spearman correlation and associated degree of significance between the IAA, tZR and iP concentrations and the bacterial community structure. Our results indicated the concentrations of IAA, tZR and iP were higher in <i>L. arcoverticus</i> galls than in galled twigs, and positively correlated with the bacterial community structure of <i>L. arcoverticus</i> galls. We suggest the high concentrations of IAA, tZR and iP may affect the bacterial community structure of <i>L. arcoverticus</i> galls.
format	article
author	Xue-Mei Yang Yu Hui Lv-Quan Zhao Dao-Hong Zhu Yang Zeng Xiao-Hui Yang
author_facet	Xue-Mei Yang Yu Hui Lv-Quan Zhao Dao-Hong Zhu Yang Zeng Xiao-Hui Yang
author_sort	Xue-Mei Yang
title	Comparison of Auxin and Cytokinins Concentrations, and the Structure of Bacterial Community between Host Twigs and <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Galls
title_short	Comparison of Auxin and Cytokinins Concentrations, and the Structure of Bacterial Community between Host Twigs and <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Galls
title_full	Comparison of Auxin and Cytokinins Concentrations, and the Structure of Bacterial Community between Host Twigs and <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Galls
title_fullStr	Comparison of Auxin and Cytokinins Concentrations, and the Structure of Bacterial Community between Host Twigs and <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Galls
title_full_unstemmed	Comparison of Auxin and Cytokinins Concentrations, and the Structure of Bacterial Community between Host Twigs and <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Galls
title_sort	comparison of auxin and cytokinins concentrations, and the structure of bacterial community between host twigs and <i>lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> galls
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e3b95377b16d41118da8816b51567510
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Comparison of Auxin and Cytokinins Concentrations, and the Structure of Bacterial Community between Host Twigs and <i>Lithosaphonecrus arcoverticus</i> Galls

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