A permanent host shift of rabies virus from Chiroptera to Carnivora associated with recombination

Abstract Bat virus host shifts can result in the spread of diseases with significant effects. The rabies virus (RABV) is able to infect almost all mammals and is therefore a useful model for the study of host shift mechanisms. Carnivore RABVs originated from two historical host shifts from bat virus...

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Autores principales:	Nai-Zheng Ding, Dong-Shuai Xu, Yuan-Yuan Sun, Hong-Bin He, Cheng-Qiang He
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e3b9729ca2474b54bb9c36947ddb4e76
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e3b9729ca2474b54bb9c36947ddb4e762021-12-02T12:32:32ZA permanent host shift of rabies virus from Chiroptera to Carnivora associated with recombination10.1038/s41598-017-00395-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e3b9729ca2474b54bb9c36947ddb4e762017-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00395-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Bat virus host shifts can result in the spread of diseases with significant effects. The rabies virus (RABV) is able to infect almost all mammals and is therefore a useful model for the study of host shift mechanisms. Carnivore RABVs originated from two historical host shifts from bat viruses. To reveal the genetic pathways by which bat RABVs changed their host tropism from bats to carnivores, we investigated the second permanent bat-to-carnivore shift resulting in two carnivore variants, known as raccoon RABV (RRV) and south-central skunk RABV (SCSKV). We found that their glycoprotein (G) genes are the result of recombination between an American bat virus and a carnivore virus. This recombination allowed the bat RABV to acquire the head of the G-protein ectodomain of the carnivore virus. This region is involved in receptor recognition and binding, response to changes in the pH microenvironment, trimerization of G proteins, and cell-to-cell transmission during the viral infection. Therefore, this recombination event may have significantly improved the variant’s adaptability to carnivores, altering its host tropism and thus leading to large-scale epidemics in striped skunk and raccoon.Nai-Zheng DingDong-Shuai XuYuan-Yuan SunHong-Bin HeCheng-Qiang HeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nai-Zheng Ding Dong-Shuai Xu Yuan-Yuan Sun Hong-Bin He Cheng-Qiang He A permanent host shift of rabies virus from Chiroptera to Carnivora associated with recombination
description	Abstract Bat virus host shifts can result in the spread of diseases with significant effects. The rabies virus (RABV) is able to infect almost all mammals and is therefore a useful model for the study of host shift mechanisms. Carnivore RABVs originated from two historical host shifts from bat viruses. To reveal the genetic pathways by which bat RABVs changed their host tropism from bats to carnivores, we investigated the second permanent bat-to-carnivore shift resulting in two carnivore variants, known as raccoon RABV (RRV) and south-central skunk RABV (SCSKV). We found that their glycoprotein (G) genes are the result of recombination between an American bat virus and a carnivore virus. This recombination allowed the bat RABV to acquire the head of the G-protein ectodomain of the carnivore virus. This region is involved in receptor recognition and binding, response to changes in the pH microenvironment, trimerization of G proteins, and cell-to-cell transmission during the viral infection. Therefore, this recombination event may have significantly improved the variant’s adaptability to carnivores, altering its host tropism and thus leading to large-scale epidemics in striped skunk and raccoon.
format	article
author	Nai-Zheng Ding Dong-Shuai Xu Yuan-Yuan Sun Hong-Bin He Cheng-Qiang He
author_facet	Nai-Zheng Ding Dong-Shuai Xu Yuan-Yuan Sun Hong-Bin He Cheng-Qiang He
author_sort	Nai-Zheng Ding
title	A permanent host shift of rabies virus from Chiroptera to Carnivora associated with recombination
title_short	A permanent host shift of rabies virus from Chiroptera to Carnivora associated with recombination
title_full	A permanent host shift of rabies virus from Chiroptera to Carnivora associated with recombination
title_fullStr	A permanent host shift of rabies virus from Chiroptera to Carnivora associated with recombination
title_full_unstemmed	A permanent host shift of rabies virus from Chiroptera to Carnivora associated with recombination
title_sort	permanent host shift of rabies virus from chiroptera to carnivora associated with recombination
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/e3b9729ca2474b54bb9c36947ddb4e76
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A permanent host shift of rabies virus from Chiroptera to Carnivora associated with recombination

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