Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks

Abstract Background Sexual differentiation can occur after exposure to aromatase into the left gonad at 6.5 days of incubation. Aromatase inhibitors work by inhibiting the action of the aromatase, which converts androgens into estrogens by a process called aromatization. Objectives The aim of this s...

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Autores principales:	Salwan M. Abdulateef, Ahmad A. Majid, Mohammed A. Al‐Bayer, Srwd S. Shawkat, Ahmad Tatar, Thafer T. Mohammed, Firas M. Abdulateef, Mohammed Q. Al‐Ani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	aromatase chicks embryo in ovo sex differentiation Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e3c3301db6a94cf29ed15a418c00fa07
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e3c3301db6a94cf29ed15a418c00fa072021-11-19T17:14:25ZEffect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks2053-109510.1002/vms3.623https://doaj.org/article/e3c3301db6a94cf29ed15a418c00fa072021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.623https://doaj.org/toc/2053-1095Abstract Background Sexual differentiation can occur after exposure to aromatase into the left gonad at 6.5 days of incubation. Aromatase inhibitors work by inhibiting the action of the aromatase, which converts androgens into estrogens by a process called aromatization. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of in ovo exposure to the aromatase inhibitor from tomato and garlic extract on sexual differentiation and embryonic development in chicken embryos. Methods Three hundred eggs divided into five groups: Control 1 (CO; no injection); control 2 distilled water, DW; 0.1 ml/egg); garlic extract (GAR; 0.1 mg/egg); tomato extract (TOM; 0.1 mg/egg); and garlic and tomato extract mixed (ATM, 0.1 ml/egg). The solution was prepared and injected into the albumin from the thin end of the eggs on day five by using a 1 ml syringe with a 23‐gauge needle. The embryonic test (embryo/egg weight) conducted at 7, 14 and 17 days of incubation. After hatching, feather sexing conducted to determine the initial male. Chicks sex was later confirmed on day 42 by an optical microscope lens. Results The results revealed that there was a significant increase (p < 0.01) in embryonic growth traits in all experimental treatments as compared to control treatments. There was a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the percentage of hatchability for all experimental treatments compared to control treatments and a significant increase (p < 0.01) in chick quality including one‐day‐old chick length and body weight. All experimental treatments showed a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the male‐to‐female ratio compared to control treatments. Conclusions The effect of in ovo exposure to aromatase inhibitors stimulated female‐to‐male sex reversal and improved embryonic development.Salwan M. AbdulateefAhmad A. MajidMohammed A. Al‐BayerSrwd S. ShawkatAhmad TatarThafer T. MohammedFiras M. AbdulateefMohammed Q. Al‐AniWileyarticlearomatasechicksembryoin ovosex differentiationVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary Medicine and Science, Vol 7, Iss 6, Pp 2362-2373 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	aromatase chicks embryo in ovo sex differentiation Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	aromatase chicks embryo in ovo sex differentiation Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Salwan M. Abdulateef Ahmad A. Majid Mohammed A. Al‐Bayer Srwd S. Shawkat Ahmad Tatar Thafer T. Mohammed Firas M. Abdulateef Mohammed Q. Al‐Ani Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks
description	Abstract Background Sexual differentiation can occur after exposure to aromatase into the left gonad at 6.5 days of incubation. Aromatase inhibitors work by inhibiting the action of the aromatase, which converts androgens into estrogens by a process called aromatization. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of in ovo exposure to the aromatase inhibitor from tomato and garlic extract on sexual differentiation and embryonic development in chicken embryos. Methods Three hundred eggs divided into five groups: Control 1 (CO; no injection); control 2 distilled water, DW; 0.1 ml/egg); garlic extract (GAR; 0.1 mg/egg); tomato extract (TOM; 0.1 mg/egg); and garlic and tomato extract mixed (ATM, 0.1 ml/egg). The solution was prepared and injected into the albumin from the thin end of the eggs on day five by using a 1 ml syringe with a 23‐gauge needle. The embryonic test (embryo/egg weight) conducted at 7, 14 and 17 days of incubation. After hatching, feather sexing conducted to determine the initial male. Chicks sex was later confirmed on day 42 by an optical microscope lens. Results The results revealed that there was a significant increase (p < 0.01) in embryonic growth traits in all experimental treatments as compared to control treatments. There was a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the percentage of hatchability for all experimental treatments compared to control treatments and a significant increase (p < 0.01) in chick quality including one‐day‐old chick length and body weight. All experimental treatments showed a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the male‐to‐female ratio compared to control treatments. Conclusions The effect of in ovo exposure to aromatase inhibitors stimulated female‐to‐male sex reversal and improved embryonic development.
format	article
author	Salwan M. Abdulateef Ahmad A. Majid Mohammed A. Al‐Bayer Srwd S. Shawkat Ahmad Tatar Thafer T. Mohammed Firas M. Abdulateef Mohammed Q. Al‐Ani
author_facet	Salwan M. Abdulateef Ahmad A. Majid Mohammed A. Al‐Bayer Srwd S. Shawkat Ahmad Tatar Thafer T. Mohammed Firas M. Abdulateef Mohammed Q. Al‐Ani
author_sort	Salwan M. Abdulateef
title	Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks
title_short	Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks
title_full	Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks
title_fullStr	Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks
title_sort	effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e3c3301db6a94cf29ed15a418c00fa07
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Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks

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