Innate Immune Antagonism of Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Humans and Mosquitoes

Mosquito-borne viruses of the <i>Flavivirus</i> genus (<i>Flaviviridae</i> family) pose an ongoing threat to global public health. For example, dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile, yellow fever, and Zika viruses are transmitted by infected mosquitoes and cause severe and...

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Autores principales:	Ahmed M. E. Elrefaey, Philippa Hollinghurst, Christine M. Reitmayer, Luke Alphey, Kevin Maringer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	flavivirus arbovirus innate immune signaling humans mosquitoes immune antagonism Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e3eddaeca9c4426c9fa588660cf1a54b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e3eddaeca9c4426c9fa588660cf1a54b2021-11-25T19:12:23ZInnate Immune Antagonism of Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Humans and Mosquitoes10.3390/v131121161999-4915https://doaj.org/article/e3eddaeca9c4426c9fa588660cf1a54b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2116https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915Mosquito-borne viruses of the <i>Flavivirus</i> genus (<i>Flaviviridae</i> family) pose an ongoing threat to global public health. For example, dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile, yellow fever, and Zika viruses are transmitted by infected mosquitoes and cause severe and fatal diseases in humans. The means by which mosquito-borne flaviviruses establish persistent infection in mosquitoes and cause disease in humans are complex and depend upon a myriad of virus-host interactions, such as those of the innate immune system, which are the main focus of our review. This review also covers the different strategies utilized by mosquito-borne flaviviruses to antagonize the innate immune response in humans and mosquitoes. Given the lack of antiviral therapeutics for mosquito-borne flaviviruses, improving our understanding of these virus-immune interactions could lead to new antiviral therapies and strategies for developing refractory vectors incapable of transmitting these viruses, and can also provide insights into determinants of viral tropism that influence virus emergence into new species.Ahmed M. E. ElrefaeyPhilippa HollinghurstChristine M. ReitmayerLuke AlpheyKevin MaringerMDPI AGarticleflavivirusarbovirusinnate immune signalinghumansmosquitoesimmune antagonismMicrobiologyQR1-502ENViruses, Vol 13, Iss 2116, p 2116 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	flavivirus arbovirus innate immune signaling humans mosquitoes immune antagonism Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	flavivirus arbovirus innate immune signaling humans mosquitoes immune antagonism Microbiology QR1-502 Ahmed M. E. Elrefaey Philippa Hollinghurst Christine M. Reitmayer Luke Alphey Kevin Maringer Innate Immune Antagonism of Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Humans and Mosquitoes
description	Mosquito-borne viruses of the <i>Flavivirus</i> genus (<i>Flaviviridae</i> family) pose an ongoing threat to global public health. For example, dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile, yellow fever, and Zika viruses are transmitted by infected mosquitoes and cause severe and fatal diseases in humans. The means by which mosquito-borne flaviviruses establish persistent infection in mosquitoes and cause disease in humans are complex and depend upon a myriad of virus-host interactions, such as those of the innate immune system, which are the main focus of our review. This review also covers the different strategies utilized by mosquito-borne flaviviruses to antagonize the innate immune response in humans and mosquitoes. Given the lack of antiviral therapeutics for mosquito-borne flaviviruses, improving our understanding of these virus-immune interactions could lead to new antiviral therapies and strategies for developing refractory vectors incapable of transmitting these viruses, and can also provide insights into determinants of viral tropism that influence virus emergence into new species.
format	article
author	Ahmed M. E. Elrefaey Philippa Hollinghurst Christine M. Reitmayer Luke Alphey Kevin Maringer
author_facet	Ahmed M. E. Elrefaey Philippa Hollinghurst Christine M. Reitmayer Luke Alphey Kevin Maringer
author_sort	Ahmed M. E. Elrefaey
title	Innate Immune Antagonism of Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Humans and Mosquitoes
title_short	Innate Immune Antagonism of Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Humans and Mosquitoes
title_full	Innate Immune Antagonism of Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Humans and Mosquitoes
title_fullStr	Innate Immune Antagonism of Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Humans and Mosquitoes
title_full_unstemmed	Innate Immune Antagonism of Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Humans and Mosquitoes
title_sort	innate immune antagonism of mosquito-borne flaviviruses in humans and mosquitoes
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e3eddaeca9c4426c9fa588660cf1a54b
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Innate Immune Antagonism of Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses in Humans and Mosquitoes

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