Holsteins favor heifers, not bulls: biased milk production programmed during pregnancy as a function of fetal sex.
Mammalian females pay high energetic costs for reproduction, the greatest of which is imposed by lactation. The synthesis of milk requires, in part, the mobilization of bodily reserves to nourish developing young. Numerous hypotheses have been advanced to predict how mothers will differentially inve...
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Main Authors: | Katie Hinde, Abigail J Carpenter, John S Clay, Barry J Bradford |
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Format: | article |
Language: | EN |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2014
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Online Access: | https://doaj.org/article/e41c4d2f379c49acb0f0b853daf829dd |
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