Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly Specific Interactions between Actinomycetes To Activate Specialized Metabolic Gene Clusters

ABSTRACT The genomes of actinomycetes contain numerous gene clusters potentially able to encode the production of many antibiotics and other specialized metabolites that are not expressed during growth under typical laboratory conditions. Undoubtedly, this reflects the soil habitat of these organism...

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Autor principal:	David A. Hopwood
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2013
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e42993bba90845b78e5313560046070e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e42993bba90845b78e5313560046070e2021-11-15T15:42:48ZImaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly Specific Interactions between Actinomycetes To Activate Specialized Metabolic Gene Clusters10.1128/mBio.00612-132150-7511https://doaj.org/article/e42993bba90845b78e5313560046070e2013-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00612-13https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT The genomes of actinomycetes contain numerous gene clusters potentially able to encode the production of many antibiotics and other specialized metabolites that are not expressed during growth under typical laboratory conditions. Undoubtedly, this reflects the soil habitat of these organisms, which is highly complex physically, chemically, and biotically; the majority of the compounds that make up the specialized metabolome are therefore adaptive only under specific conditions. While there have been numerous previous reports of “waking up” the “sleeping” gene clusters, many involving genetic interventions or nutritional challenges, the role of competing microorganisms has been comparatively little studied. Now, Traxler et al. [M. F. Traxler, J. D. Watrous, T. Alexandrov, P. C. Dorrestein, and R. Kolter, mBio 4(4):e00459-13, 2013, doi:10.1128/mBio.00459-13] have used the recently described technique of microscale imaging mass spectrometry to analyze in detail the stimulation of specialized metabolite production by the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) by growth in proximity to other actinomycetes. The striking finding from these experiments was that growth of S. coelicolor close to each of the five other actinomycetes studied caused it to produce many specialized metabolites that were not made when it was grown in isolation and that the majority of the compounds were interaction specific, i.e., they occurred only in one of the five pairwise combinations, emphasizing the highly specific nature of the interactions. These observations contribute substantially to the increasing awareness of communication between microorganisms in complex natural communities, as well as auguring well for the discovery of useful specialized metabolites based on microbial interactions.David A. HopwoodAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 4, Iss 5 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 David A. Hopwood Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly Specific Interactions between Actinomycetes To Activate Specialized Metabolic Gene Clusters
description	ABSTRACT The genomes of actinomycetes contain numerous gene clusters potentially able to encode the production of many antibiotics and other specialized metabolites that are not expressed during growth under typical laboratory conditions. Undoubtedly, this reflects the soil habitat of these organisms, which is highly complex physically, chemically, and biotically; the majority of the compounds that make up the specialized metabolome are therefore adaptive only under specific conditions. While there have been numerous previous reports of “waking up” the “sleeping” gene clusters, many involving genetic interventions or nutritional challenges, the role of competing microorganisms has been comparatively little studied. Now, Traxler et al. [M. F. Traxler, J. D. Watrous, T. Alexandrov, P. C. Dorrestein, and R. Kolter, mBio 4(4):e00459-13, 2013, doi:10.1128/mBio.00459-13] have used the recently described technique of microscale imaging mass spectrometry to analyze in detail the stimulation of specialized metabolite production by the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) by growth in proximity to other actinomycetes. The striking finding from these experiments was that growth of S. coelicolor close to each of the five other actinomycetes studied caused it to produce many specialized metabolites that were not made when it was grown in isolation and that the majority of the compounds were interaction specific, i.e., they occurred only in one of the five pairwise combinations, emphasizing the highly specific nature of the interactions. These observations contribute substantially to the increasing awareness of communication between microorganisms in complex natural communities, as well as auguring well for the discovery of useful specialized metabolites based on microbial interactions.
format	article
author	David A. Hopwood
author_facet	David A. Hopwood
author_sort	David A. Hopwood
title	Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly Specific Interactions between Actinomycetes To Activate Specialized Metabolic Gene Clusters
title_short	Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly Specific Interactions between Actinomycetes To Activate Specialized Metabolic Gene Clusters
title_full	Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly Specific Interactions between Actinomycetes To Activate Specialized Metabolic Gene Clusters
title_fullStr	Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly Specific Interactions between Actinomycetes To Activate Specialized Metabolic Gene Clusters
title_full_unstemmed	Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly Specific Interactions between Actinomycetes To Activate Specialized Metabolic Gene Clusters
title_sort	imaging mass spectrometry reveals highly specific interactions between actinomycetes to activate specialized metabolic gene clusters
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/e42993bba90845b78e5313560046070e
work_keys_str_mv	AT davidahopwood imagingmassspectrometryrevealshighlyspecificinteractionsbetweenactinomycetestoactivatespecializedmetabolicgeneclusters
_version_	1718427616402210816

Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Highly Specific Interactions between Actinomycetes To Activate Specialized Metabolic Gene Clusters

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