Microplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in European freshwaters

Abstract High environmental microplastic pollution, and its largely unquantified impacts on organisms, are driving studies to assess their potential entry pathways into freshwaters. Recreational angling, where many anglers release manufactured baits into freshwater ecosystems, is a widespread activi...

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Autores principales:	Aline Reis de Carvalho, Alexis Imbert, Ben Parker, Axelle Euphrasie, Stéphanie Boulêtreau, J. Robert Britton, Julien Cucherousset
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e42e2d4084324aeb8854952b8ff7dfbb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e42e2d4084324aeb8854952b8ff7dfbb2021-12-02T14:47:31ZMicroplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in European freshwaters10.1038/s41598-021-90468-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e42e2d4084324aeb8854952b8ff7dfbb2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90468-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract High environmental microplastic pollution, and its largely unquantified impacts on organisms, are driving studies to assess their potential entry pathways into freshwaters. Recreational angling, where many anglers release manufactured baits into freshwater ecosystems, is a widespread activity with important socio-economic implications in Europe. It also represents a potential microplastic pathway into freshwaters that has yet to be quantified. Correspondingly, we analysed three different categories of industrially-produced baits (‘groundbait’, ‘boilies’ and ‘pellets’) for their microplastic contamination (particles 700 µm to 5 mm). From 160 samples, 28 microplastics were identified in groundbait and boilies, with a mean concentration of 17.4 (± 48.1 SD) MP kg−1 and 6.78 (± 29.8 SD) mg kg−1, yet no microplastics within this size range were recorded in the pellets. Microplastic concentrations significantly differed between bait categories and companies, but microplastic characteristics did not vary. There was no correlation between microplastic contamination and the number of bait ingredients, but it was positively correlated with C:N ratio, indicating a higher contamination in baits with higher proportion of plant-based ingredients. We thus reveal that bait microplastics introduced accidentally during manufacturing and/or those originating from contaminated raw ingredients might be transferred into freshwaters. However, further studies are needed to quantify the relative importance of this cryptic source of contamination and how it influences microplastic levels in wild fish.Aline Reis de CarvalhoAlexis ImbertBen ParkerAxelle EuphrasieStéphanie BoulêtreauJ. Robert BrittonJulien CucheroussetNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Aline Reis de Carvalho Alexis Imbert Ben Parker Axelle Euphrasie Stéphanie Boulêtreau J. Robert Britton Julien Cucherousset Microplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in European freshwaters
description	Abstract High environmental microplastic pollution, and its largely unquantified impacts on organisms, are driving studies to assess their potential entry pathways into freshwaters. Recreational angling, where many anglers release manufactured baits into freshwater ecosystems, is a widespread activity with important socio-economic implications in Europe. It also represents a potential microplastic pathway into freshwaters that has yet to be quantified. Correspondingly, we analysed three different categories of industrially-produced baits (‘groundbait’, ‘boilies’ and ‘pellets’) for their microplastic contamination (particles 700 µm to 5 mm). From 160 samples, 28 microplastics were identified in groundbait and boilies, with a mean concentration of 17.4 (± 48.1 SD) MP kg−1 and 6.78 (± 29.8 SD) mg kg−1, yet no microplastics within this size range were recorded in the pellets. Microplastic concentrations significantly differed between bait categories and companies, but microplastic characteristics did not vary. There was no correlation between microplastic contamination and the number of bait ingredients, but it was positively correlated with C:N ratio, indicating a higher contamination in baits with higher proportion of plant-based ingredients. We thus reveal that bait microplastics introduced accidentally during manufacturing and/or those originating from contaminated raw ingredients might be transferred into freshwaters. However, further studies are needed to quantify the relative importance of this cryptic source of contamination and how it influences microplastic levels in wild fish.
format	article
author	Aline Reis de Carvalho Alexis Imbert Ben Parker Axelle Euphrasie Stéphanie Boulêtreau J. Robert Britton Julien Cucherousset
author_facet	Aline Reis de Carvalho Alexis Imbert Ben Parker Axelle Euphrasie Stéphanie Boulêtreau J. Robert Britton Julien Cucherousset
author_sort	Aline Reis de Carvalho
title	Microplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in European freshwaters
title_short	Microplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in European freshwaters
title_full	Microplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in European freshwaters
title_fullStr	Microplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in European freshwaters
title_full_unstemmed	Microplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in European freshwaters
title_sort	microplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in european freshwaters
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e42e2d4084324aeb8854952b8ff7dfbb
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Microplastic in angling baits as a cryptic source of contamination in European freshwaters

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