Effect of nanostructured TiO2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells

Effect of nanostructured TiO2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells

Nefeli Lagopati,1,2 Effie-Photini Tsilibary,1,* Polycarpos Falaras,2,* Panagiota Papazafiri,3 Evangelia A Pavlatou,4 Eleni Kotsopoulou,1 Paraskevi Kitsiou1,* 1Institute of Biosciences and Applications, 2Institute of Advanced Materials, Physicochemical Processes, Nanotechnology and Microsystems, Na...

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Autores principales: Lagopati N, Tsilibary EP, Falaras P, Papazafiri P, Pavlatou EA, Kotsopoulou E, Kitsiou P
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2014
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Medicine (General)
R5-920
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/e43ebc9a714449b9b2a8986403de799c
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:e43ebc9a714449b9b2a8986403de799c2021-12-02T08:07:45ZEffect of nanostructured TiO2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/e43ebc9a714449b9b2a8986403de799c2014-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/effect-of-nanostructured-tio2nbspcrystal-phase-on-photoinduced-apoptos-a17460https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013 Nefeli Lagopati,1,2 Effie-Photini Tsilibary,1,* Polycarpos Falaras,2,* Panagiota Papazafiri,3 Evangelia A Pavlatou,4 Eleni Kotsopoulou,1 Paraskevi Kitsiou1,* 1Institute of Biosciences and Applications, 2Institute of Advanced Materials, Physicochemical Processes, Nanotechnology and Microsystems, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece; 3Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 4Laboratory of General Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: The use of nanoparticles has seen exponential growth in the area of health care, due to the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials that make them desirable for medical applications. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of crystal phase-nanostructured titanium dioxide particles on bioactivity/cytotoxicity in breast cancer epithelial cells. Materials and methods: Cultured Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF)-7 and human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-468) breast cancer epithelial cells were exposed to ultraviolet A light (wavelength 350 nm) for 20 minutes in the presence of aqueous dispersions of two different nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) crystal phases: anatase and an anatase–rutile mixture. Detailed characterization of each titanium dispersion was performed by dynamic light scattering. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay was employed to estimate the percentage of viable cells after each treatment. Western blot analysis of protein expression and characterization, as well as a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-laddering assay, were used to detect cell apoptosis. Results: Our results documented that 100% anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (110–130 nm) exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity in the highly malignant MDA-MB-468 cancer cells than anatase–rutile mixtures (75%/25%) with the same size. On the contrary, MCF-7 cells (characterized by low invasive properties) were not considerably affected. Exposure of MDA-MB-468 cells to pure anatase nanoparticles or anatase–rutile mixtures for 48 hours resulted in increased proapoptotic Bax expression, caspase-mediated poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, DNA fragmentation, and programmed cell death/apoptosis. Conclusion: The obtained results indicated that pure anatase TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit superior cytotoxic effects compared to anatase–rutile mixtures of the same size. The molecular mechanism of TiO2 nanoparticle cytotoxicity involved increased Bax expression and caspase-mediated PARP inactivation, thus resulting in DNA fragmentation and cell apoptosis. Keywords: nanostructured TiO2, anatase, rutile, photocatalysis, breast cancer epithelial cells, apoptosisLagopati NTsilibary EPFalaras PPapazafiri PPavlatou EAKotsopoulou EKitsiou PDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2014, Iss Issue 1, Pp 3219-3230 (2014)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine (General)
R5-920
spellingShingle Medicine (General)
R5-920
Lagopati N
Tsilibary EP
Falaras P
Papazafiri P
Pavlatou EA
Kotsopoulou E
Kitsiou P
Effect of nanostructured TiO2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells
description Nefeli Lagopati,1,2 Effie-Photini Tsilibary,1,* Polycarpos Falaras,2,* Panagiota Papazafiri,3 Evangelia A Pavlatou,4 Eleni Kotsopoulou,1 Paraskevi Kitsiou1,* 1Institute of Biosciences and Applications, 2Institute of Advanced Materials, Physicochemical Processes, Nanotechnology and Microsystems, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece; 3Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 4Laboratory of General Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: The use of nanoparticles has seen exponential growth in the area of health care, due to the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials that make them desirable for medical applications. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of crystal phase-nanostructured titanium dioxide particles on bioactivity/cytotoxicity in breast cancer epithelial cells. Materials and methods: Cultured Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF)-7 and human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-468) breast cancer epithelial cells were exposed to ultraviolet A light (wavelength 350 nm) for 20 minutes in the presence of aqueous dispersions of two different nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) crystal phases: anatase and an anatase–rutile mixture. Detailed characterization of each titanium dispersion was performed by dynamic light scattering. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay was employed to estimate the percentage of viable cells after each treatment. Western blot analysis of protein expression and characterization, as well as a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-laddering assay, were used to detect cell apoptosis. Results: Our results documented that 100% anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (110–130 nm) exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity in the highly malignant MDA-MB-468 cancer cells than anatase–rutile mixtures (75%/25%) with the same size. On the contrary, MCF-7 cells (characterized by low invasive properties) were not considerably affected. Exposure of MDA-MB-468 cells to pure anatase nanoparticles or anatase–rutile mixtures for 48 hours resulted in increased proapoptotic Bax expression, caspase-mediated poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, DNA fragmentation, and programmed cell death/apoptosis. Conclusion: The obtained results indicated that pure anatase TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit superior cytotoxic effects compared to anatase–rutile mixtures of the same size. The molecular mechanism of TiO2 nanoparticle cytotoxicity involved increased Bax expression and caspase-mediated PARP inactivation, thus resulting in DNA fragmentation and cell apoptosis. Keywords: nanostructured TiO2, anatase, rutile, photocatalysis, breast cancer epithelial cells, apoptosis
format article
author Lagopati N
Tsilibary EP
Falaras P
Papazafiri P
Pavlatou EA
Kotsopoulou E
Kitsiou P
author_facet Lagopati N
Tsilibary EP
Falaras P
Papazafiri P
Pavlatou EA
Kotsopoulou E
Kitsiou P
author_sort Lagopati N
title Effect of nanostructured TiO2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells
title_short Effect of nanostructured TiO2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells
title_full Effect of nanostructured TiO2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells
title_fullStr Effect of nanostructured TiO2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells
title_full_unstemmed Effect of nanostructured TiO2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells
title_sort effect of nanostructured tio2 crystal phase on photoinduced apoptosis of breast cancer epithelial cells
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2014
url https://doaj.org/article/e43ebc9a714449b9b2a8986403de799c
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