Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures

Carol M Ulloa, Allen Towfigh, Joseph SafdiehDepartment of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USAAbstract: Levetiracetam is a second-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) with a unique chemical structure and mechanism of action. The extended release f...

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Autores principales:	Carol M Ulloa, Allen Towfigh, Joseph Safdieh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2009
Materias:	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e44f6df13ed84c11b8e7bb96312495c7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e44f6df13ed84c11b8e7bb96312495c72021-12-02T02:51:13ZReview of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures1176-63281178-2021https://doaj.org/article/e44f6df13ed84c11b8e7bb96312495c72009-09-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/review-of-levetiracetam-with-a-focus-on-the-extended-release-formulati-a3538https://doaj.org/toc/1176-6328https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Carol M Ulloa, Allen Towfigh, Joseph SafdiehDepartment of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USAAbstract: Levetiracetam is a second-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) with a unique chemical structure and mechanism of action. The extended release formulation of levetiracetam (Keppra XR&trade;; UCB Pharma) was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 16 years of age and older with epilepsy. This approval is based on a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, multinational trial. Levetiracetam XR allows for once-daily dosing, which may increase compliance and, given the relatively constant plasma concentrations, may minimize concentration-related adverse effects. Levetiracetam&rsquo;s mode of action is not fully elucidated, but it has been found to target high-voltage, N-type calcium channels as well as the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A). Levetiracetam has nearly ideal pharmacokinetics. It is rapidly and almost completely absorbed after oral ingestion, is &lsaquo;10% protein-bound, demonstrates linear kinetics, is minimally metabolized through a pathway independent of the cytochrome P450 system, has no significant drug&ndash;drug interactions, and has a wide therapeutic index. The most common reported adverse events with levetiracetam XR were somnolence, irritability, dizziness, nausea, influenza, and nasopharyngitis. Levetiracetam XR provides an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment option for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures.Keywords: levetiracetam, partial-onset seizures, antiepileptic drugs Carol M UlloaAllen TowfighJoseph SafdiehDove Medical PressarticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2009, Iss default, Pp 467-476 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Carol M Ulloa Allen Towfigh Joseph Safdieh Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures
description	Carol M Ulloa, Allen Towfigh, Joseph SafdiehDepartment of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USAAbstract: Levetiracetam is a second-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) with a unique chemical structure and mechanism of action. The extended release formulation of levetiracetam (Keppra XR&trade;; UCB Pharma) was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 16 years of age and older with epilepsy. This approval is based on a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, multinational trial. Levetiracetam XR allows for once-daily dosing, which may increase compliance and, given the relatively constant plasma concentrations, may minimize concentration-related adverse effects. Levetiracetam&rsquo;s mode of action is not fully elucidated, but it has been found to target high-voltage, N-type calcium channels as well as the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A). Levetiracetam has nearly ideal pharmacokinetics. It is rapidly and almost completely absorbed after oral ingestion, is &lsaquo;10% protein-bound, demonstrates linear kinetics, is minimally metabolized through a pathway independent of the cytochrome P450 system, has no significant drug&ndash;drug interactions, and has a wide therapeutic index. The most common reported adverse events with levetiracetam XR were somnolence, irritability, dizziness, nausea, influenza, and nasopharyngitis. Levetiracetam XR provides an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment option for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures.Keywords: levetiracetam, partial-onset seizures, antiepileptic drugs
format	article
author	Carol M Ulloa Allen Towfigh Joseph Safdieh
author_facet	Carol M Ulloa Allen Towfigh Joseph Safdieh
author_sort	Carol M Ulloa
title	Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures
title_short	Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures
title_full	Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures
title_fullStr	Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures
title_full_unstemmed	Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures
title_sort	review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/e44f6df13ed84c11b8e7bb96312495c7
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Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures

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