Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) against Flavobacterium columnare Challenge

Immersion vaccination with a biomimetic mucoadhesive nanovaccine has been shown to induce a strong mucosal immune response against columnaris disease, a serious bacterial disease in farmed red tilapia caused by Flavobacterium columnare. However, the induction of a systemic immune...

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Autores principales:	Sirikorn Kitiyodom, Teerapong Yata, Kim D. Thompson, Janina Costa, Preetham Elumalai, Takayuki Katagiri, Sasithon Temisak, Katawut Namdee, Channarong Rodkhum, Nopadon Pirarat
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	red tilapia systemic immune response columnaris disease nano-immersion vaccine Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e4566f3d02f749e1939fe0dce8cd0164
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e4566f3d02f749e1939fe0dce8cd01642021-11-25T19:10:34ZImmersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> sp.) against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> Challenge10.3390/vaccines91112532076-393Xhttps://doaj.org/article/e4566f3d02f749e1939fe0dce8cd01642021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/11/1253https://doaj.org/toc/2076-393XImmersion vaccination with a biomimetic mucoadhesive nanovaccine has been shown to induce a strong mucosal immune response against columnaris disease, a serious bacterial disease in farmed red tilapia caused by <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i>. However, the induction of a systemic immune response by the vaccine is yet to be investigated. Here, we examine if a specific humoral immune response is stimulated in tilapia by a biomimetic-mucoadhesive nanovaccine against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> using an indirect-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serum bactericidal activity (SBA) and the expression of immune-related genes within the head-kidney and spleen, together with assessing the relative percent survival of vaccinated fish after experimentally infecting them with <i>F. columnare</i>. The anti-IgM antibody titer of fish at 14 and 21 days post-vaccination was significantly higher in chitosan complex nanoemulsion (CS-NE) vaccinated fish compared to fish vaccinated with the formalin-killed vaccine or control fish, supporting the serum bactericidal activity results at these time points. The cumulative mortality of the unvaccinated control fish was 87% after challenging fish with the pathogen, while the cumulative mortality of the CS-NE vaccinated group was 24%, which was significantly lower than the formalin-killed vaccinated and control fish. There was a significant upregulation of <i>IgM</i>, <i>IgT</i>, <i>TNF α</i>, and <i>IL1-β</i> genes in the spleen and kidney of vaccinated fish. Significant upregulation of <i>IgM</i> and <i>IgT</i> genes was observed in the spleen of CS-NE vaccinated fish. The study confirmed the charged-chitosan-based mucoadhesive nanovaccine to be an effective platform for immersion vaccination of tilapia, with fish generating a humoral systemic immune response against columnaris disease in vaccinated fish.Sirikorn KitiyodomTeerapong YataKim D. ThompsonJanina CostaPreetham ElumalaiTakayuki KatagiriSasithon TemisakKatawut NamdeeChannarong RodkhumNopadon PiraratMDPI AGarticlered tilapiasystemic immune responsecolumnaris diseasenano-immersion vaccineMedicineRENVaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1253, p 1253 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	red tilapia systemic immune response columnaris disease nano-immersion vaccine Medicine R
spellingShingle	red tilapia systemic immune response columnaris disease nano-immersion vaccine Medicine R Sirikorn Kitiyodom Teerapong Yata Kim D. Thompson Janina Costa Preetham Elumalai Takayuki Katagiri Sasithon Temisak Katawut Namdee Channarong Rodkhum Nopadon Pirarat Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> sp.) against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> Challenge
description	Immersion vaccination with a biomimetic mucoadhesive nanovaccine has been shown to induce a strong mucosal immune response against columnaris disease, a serious bacterial disease in farmed red tilapia caused by <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i>. However, the induction of a systemic immune response by the vaccine is yet to be investigated. Here, we examine if a specific humoral immune response is stimulated in tilapia by a biomimetic-mucoadhesive nanovaccine against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> using an indirect-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serum bactericidal activity (SBA) and the expression of immune-related genes within the head-kidney and spleen, together with assessing the relative percent survival of vaccinated fish after experimentally infecting them with <i>F. columnare</i>. The anti-IgM antibody titer of fish at 14 and 21 days post-vaccination was significantly higher in chitosan complex nanoemulsion (CS-NE) vaccinated fish compared to fish vaccinated with the formalin-killed vaccine or control fish, supporting the serum bactericidal activity results at these time points. The cumulative mortality of the unvaccinated control fish was 87% after challenging fish with the pathogen, while the cumulative mortality of the CS-NE vaccinated group was 24%, which was significantly lower than the formalin-killed vaccinated and control fish. There was a significant upregulation of <i>IgM</i>, <i>IgT</i>, <i>TNF α</i>, and <i>IL1-β</i> genes in the spleen and kidney of vaccinated fish. Significant upregulation of <i>IgM</i> and <i>IgT</i> genes was observed in the spleen of CS-NE vaccinated fish. The study confirmed the charged-chitosan-based mucoadhesive nanovaccine to be an effective platform for immersion vaccination of tilapia, with fish generating a humoral systemic immune response against columnaris disease in vaccinated fish.
format	article
author	Sirikorn Kitiyodom Teerapong Yata Kim D. Thompson Janina Costa Preetham Elumalai Takayuki Katagiri Sasithon Temisak Katawut Namdee Channarong Rodkhum Nopadon Pirarat
author_facet	Sirikorn Kitiyodom Teerapong Yata Kim D. Thompson Janina Costa Preetham Elumalai Takayuki Katagiri Sasithon Temisak Katawut Namdee Channarong Rodkhum Nopadon Pirarat
author_sort	Sirikorn Kitiyodom
title	Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> sp.) against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> Challenge
title_short	Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> sp.) against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> Challenge
title_full	Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> sp.) against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> Challenge
title_fullStr	Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> sp.) against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> Challenge
title_full_unstemmed	Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> sp.) against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> Challenge
title_sort	immersion vaccination by a biomimetic-mucoadhesive nanovaccine induces humoral immune response of red tilapia (<i>oreochromis</i> sp.) against <i>flavobacterium columnare</i> challenge
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e4566f3d02f749e1939fe0dce8cd0164
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Immersion Vaccination by a Biomimetic-Mucoadhesive Nanovaccine Induces Humoral Immune Response of Red Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> sp.) against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> Challenge

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