The Rcs-Regulated Colanic Acid Capsule Maintains Membrane Potential in <italic toggle="yes">Salmonella enterica</italic> serovar Typhimurium

ABSTRACT The Rcs phosphorelay and Psp (phage shock protein) systems are envelope stress responses that are highly conserved in gammaproteobacteria. The Rcs regulon was found to be strongly induced during metal deprivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium lacking the Psp response. Nineteen...

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Autores principales:	Jasmine M. Pando, Joyce E. Karlinsey, Jimmie C. Lara, Stephen J. Libby, Ferric C. Fang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:	Salmonella biofilms colanic acid exopolysaccharide extracytoplasmic stress proton motive force Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e45dd446afae4bac993976c697ee1195
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e45dd446afae4bac993976c697ee11952021-11-15T15:51:29ZThe Rcs-Regulated Colanic Acid Capsule Maintains Membrane Potential in <italic toggle="yes">Salmonella enterica</italic> serovar Typhimurium10.1128/mBio.00808-172150-7511https://doaj.org/article/e45dd446afae4bac993976c697ee11952017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00808-17https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT The Rcs phosphorelay and Psp (phage shock protein) systems are envelope stress responses that are highly conserved in gammaproteobacteria. The Rcs regulon was found to be strongly induced during metal deprivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium lacking the Psp response. Nineteen genes activated by the RcsA-RcsB response regulator make up an operon responsible for the production of colanic acid capsular polysaccharide, which promotes biofilm development. Despite more than half a century of research, the physiological function of colanic acid has remained elusive. Here we show that Rcs-dependent colanic acid production maintains the transmembrane electrical potential and proton motive force in cooperation with the Psp response. Production of negatively charged exopolysaccharide covalently bound to the outer membrane may enhance the surface potential by increasing the local proton concentration. This provides a unifying mechanism to account for diverse Rcs/colanic acid-related phenotypes, including susceptibility to membrane-damaging agents and biofilm formation. IMPORTANCE Colanic acid is a negatively charged polysaccharide capsule produced by Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and other gammaproteobacteria. Research conducted over the 50 years since the discovery of colanic acid suggests that this exopolysaccharide plays an important role for bacteria living in biofilms. However, a precise physiological role for colanic acid has not been defined. In this study, we provide evidence that colanic acid maintains the transmembrane potential and proton motive force during envelope stress. This work provides a new and fundamental insight into bacterial physiology.Jasmine M. PandoJoyce E. KarlinseyJimmie C. LaraStephen J. LibbyFerric C. FangAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleSalmonellabiofilmscolanic acidexopolysaccharideextracytoplasmic stressproton motive forceMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 8, Iss 3 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Salmonella biofilms colanic acid exopolysaccharide extracytoplasmic stress proton motive force Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Salmonella biofilms colanic acid exopolysaccharide extracytoplasmic stress proton motive force Microbiology QR1-502 Jasmine M. Pando Joyce E. Karlinsey Jimmie C. Lara Stephen J. Libby Ferric C. Fang The Rcs-Regulated Colanic Acid Capsule Maintains Membrane Potential in <italic toggle="yes">Salmonella enterica</italic> serovar Typhimurium
description	ABSTRACT The Rcs phosphorelay and Psp (phage shock protein) systems are envelope stress responses that are highly conserved in gammaproteobacteria. The Rcs regulon was found to be strongly induced during metal deprivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium lacking the Psp response. Nineteen genes activated by the RcsA-RcsB response regulator make up an operon responsible for the production of colanic acid capsular polysaccharide, which promotes biofilm development. Despite more than half a century of research, the physiological function of colanic acid has remained elusive. Here we show that Rcs-dependent colanic acid production maintains the transmembrane electrical potential and proton motive force in cooperation with the Psp response. Production of negatively charged exopolysaccharide covalently bound to the outer membrane may enhance the surface potential by increasing the local proton concentration. This provides a unifying mechanism to account for diverse Rcs/colanic acid-related phenotypes, including susceptibility to membrane-damaging agents and biofilm formation. IMPORTANCE Colanic acid is a negatively charged polysaccharide capsule produced by Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and other gammaproteobacteria. Research conducted over the 50 years since the discovery of colanic acid suggests that this exopolysaccharide plays an important role for bacteria living in biofilms. However, a precise physiological role for colanic acid has not been defined. In this study, we provide evidence that colanic acid maintains the transmembrane potential and proton motive force during envelope stress. This work provides a new and fundamental insight into bacterial physiology.
format	article
author	Jasmine M. Pando Joyce E. Karlinsey Jimmie C. Lara Stephen J. Libby Ferric C. Fang
author_facet	Jasmine M. Pando Joyce E. Karlinsey Jimmie C. Lara Stephen J. Libby Ferric C. Fang
author_sort	Jasmine M. Pando
title	The Rcs-Regulated Colanic Acid Capsule Maintains Membrane Potential in <italic toggle="yes">Salmonella enterica</italic> serovar Typhimurium
title_short	The Rcs-Regulated Colanic Acid Capsule Maintains Membrane Potential in <italic toggle="yes">Salmonella enterica</italic> serovar Typhimurium
title_full	The Rcs-Regulated Colanic Acid Capsule Maintains Membrane Potential in <italic toggle="yes">Salmonella enterica</italic> serovar Typhimurium
title_fullStr	The Rcs-Regulated Colanic Acid Capsule Maintains Membrane Potential in <italic toggle="yes">Salmonella enterica</italic> serovar Typhimurium
title_full_unstemmed	The Rcs-Regulated Colanic Acid Capsule Maintains Membrane Potential in <italic toggle="yes">Salmonella enterica</italic> serovar Typhimurium
title_sort	rcs-regulated colanic acid capsule maintains membrane potential in <italic toggle="yes">salmonella enterica</italic> serovar typhimurium
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/e45dd446afae4bac993976c697ee1195
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The Rcs-Regulated Colanic Acid Capsule Maintains Membrane Potential in <italic toggle="yes">Salmonella enterica</italic> serovar Typhimurium

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