Anisotropic Optical and Vibrational Properties of GeS

The optical response of bulk germanium sulfide (GeS) is investigated systematically using different polarization-resolved experimental techniques, such as photoluminescence (PL), reflectance contrast (RC), and Raman scattering (RS). It is shown that while the low-temperature (<i>T</i> =...

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Autores principales:	Natalia Zawadzka, Łucja Kipczak, Tomasz Woźniak, Katarzyna Olkowska-Pucko, Magdalena Grzeszczyk, Adam Babiński, Maciej R. Molas
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	monochalcogenides germanium sulfide photoluminescence reflectance contrast excitons Raman scattering Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e461a722866a4ee98d9202aabe2fb7cd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e461a722866a4ee98d9202aabe2fb7cd2021-11-25T18:32:31ZAnisotropic Optical and Vibrational Properties of GeS10.3390/nano111131092079-4991https://doaj.org/article/e461a722866a4ee98d9202aabe2fb7cd2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/3109https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991The optical response of bulk germanium sulfide (GeS) is investigated systematically using different polarization-resolved experimental techniques, such as photoluminescence (PL), reflectance contrast (RC), and Raman scattering (RS). It is shown that while the low-temperature (<i>T</i> = 5 K) optical band-gap absorption is governed by a single resonance related to the neutral exciton, the corresponding emission is dominated by the disorder/impurity- and/or phonon-assisted recombination processes. Both the RC and PL spectra are found to be linearly polarized along the armchair direction. The measured RS spectra over a broad range from 5 to 300 K consist of six Raman peaks identified with the help of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations: A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>1</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>3</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>4</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, B<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow><mn>1</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and B<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, which polarization properties are studied under four different excitation energies. We found that the polarization orientations of the A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula> and A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>4</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula> modes under specific excitation energy can be useful tools to determine the GeS crystallographic directions: armchair and zigzag.Natalia ZawadzkaŁucja KipczakTomasz WoźniakKatarzyna Olkowska-PuckoMagdalena GrzeszczykAdam BabińskiMaciej R. MolasMDPI AGarticlemonochalcogenidesgermanium sulfidephotoluminescencereflectance contrastexcitonsRaman scatteringChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 3109, p 3109 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	monochalcogenides germanium sulfide photoluminescence reflectance contrast excitons Raman scattering Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	monochalcogenides germanium sulfide photoluminescence reflectance contrast excitons Raman scattering Chemistry QD1-999 Natalia Zawadzka Łucja Kipczak Tomasz Woźniak Katarzyna Olkowska-Pucko Magdalena Grzeszczyk Adam Babiński Maciej R. Molas Anisotropic Optical and Vibrational Properties of GeS
description	The optical response of bulk germanium sulfide (GeS) is investigated systematically using different polarization-resolved experimental techniques, such as photoluminescence (PL), reflectance contrast (RC), and Raman scattering (RS). It is shown that while the low-temperature (<i>T</i> = 5 K) optical band-gap absorption is governed by a single resonance related to the neutral exciton, the corresponding emission is dominated by the disorder/impurity- and/or phonon-assisted recombination processes. Both the RC and PL spectra are found to be linearly polarized along the armchair direction. The measured RS spectra over a broad range from 5 to 300 K consist of six Raman peaks identified with the help of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations: A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>1</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>3</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>4</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, B<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow><mn>1</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and B<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, which polarization properties are studied under four different excitation energies. We found that the polarization orientations of the A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula> and A<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mn>4</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula> modes under specific excitation energy can be useful tools to determine the GeS crystallographic directions: armchair and zigzag.
format	article
author	Natalia Zawadzka Łucja Kipczak Tomasz Woźniak Katarzyna Olkowska-Pucko Magdalena Grzeszczyk Adam Babiński Maciej R. Molas
author_facet	Natalia Zawadzka Łucja Kipczak Tomasz Woźniak Katarzyna Olkowska-Pucko Magdalena Grzeszczyk Adam Babiński Maciej R. Molas
author_sort	Natalia Zawadzka
title	Anisotropic Optical and Vibrational Properties of GeS
title_short	Anisotropic Optical and Vibrational Properties of GeS
title_full	Anisotropic Optical and Vibrational Properties of GeS
title_fullStr	Anisotropic Optical and Vibrational Properties of GeS
title_full_unstemmed	Anisotropic Optical and Vibrational Properties of GeS
title_sort	anisotropic optical and vibrational properties of ges
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e461a722866a4ee98d9202aabe2fb7cd
work_keys_str_mv	AT nataliazawadzka anisotropicopticalandvibrationalpropertiesofges AT łucjakipczak anisotropicopticalandvibrationalpropertiesofges AT tomaszwozniak anisotropicopticalandvibrationalpropertiesofges AT katarzynaolkowskapucko anisotropicopticalandvibrationalpropertiesofges AT magdalenagrzeszczyk anisotropicopticalandvibrationalpropertiesofges AT adambabinski anisotropicopticalandvibrationalpropertiesofges AT maciejrmolas anisotropicopticalandvibrationalpropertiesofges
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Anisotropic Optical and Vibrational Properties of GeS

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