Alumina, Zirconia and Their Composite Ceramics with Properties Tailored for Medical Applications

Although in 1977 the first ceramic composite material had been introduced into the market, it was a long time before composite materials were qualified for medical applications. For a long period high purity alumina ceramics have been used as ball-heads and cups. Because of their brittleness, in 198...

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Autores principales:	Wolfgang Burger, Gundula Kiefer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	alumina zirconia transformation toughening platelet reinforcement Technology T Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e46f2c3840404cd593f4a42b02b9ec05
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e46f2c3840404cd593f4a42b02b9ec052021-11-25T18:03:20ZAlumina, Zirconia and Their Composite Ceramics with Properties Tailored for Medical Applications10.3390/jcs51103062504-477Xhttps://doaj.org/article/e46f2c3840404cd593f4a42b02b9ec052021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/5/11/306https://doaj.org/toc/2504-477XAlthough in 1977 the first ceramic composite material had been introduced into the market, it was a long time before composite materials were qualified for medical applications. For a long period high purity alumina ceramics have been used as ball-heads and cups. Because of their brittleness, in 1986 yttria stabilized zirconia has been introduced into this application, because of higher strength and fracture toughness. However, due to its hydrothermal instability this material disappeared in orthopaedic applications in 2000. Meanwhile a composite materials based on an alumina matrix with dispersed metastable tetragonal zirconia particles and in-situ formed hexagonal platelets became the standard material for ceramic ball-heads, because of their excellent mechanical strength, hardness and improved fracture toughness. Especially fracture toughness can be improved further by special material formulations and tailored microstructure. It has been shown that a mixed stabilisation of zirconia by yttria and ceria with dispersed alumina and hexagonal platelets overcomes the hydrothermal instability and excellent materials properties can be achieved. Such materials do have big potential to be used in dental applications. Furthermore, these materials also can be seen as a new generation for ball-heads, because of their enhanced fracture toughness. All materials are described within these articles. In order to achieve the required properties of the materials, special raw materials are required. Therefore, it is quite important to understand and know the raw material manufacturing procedures.Wolfgang BurgerGundula KieferMDPI AGarticlealuminazirconiatransformation tougheningplatelet reinforcementTechnologyTScienceQENJournal of Composites Science, Vol 5, Iss 306, p 306 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	alumina zirconia transformation toughening platelet reinforcement Technology T Science Q
spellingShingle	alumina zirconia transformation toughening platelet reinforcement Technology T Science Q Wolfgang Burger Gundula Kiefer Alumina, Zirconia and Their Composite Ceramics with Properties Tailored for Medical Applications
description	Although in 1977 the first ceramic composite material had been introduced into the market, it was a long time before composite materials were qualified for medical applications. For a long period high purity alumina ceramics have been used as ball-heads and cups. Because of their brittleness, in 1986 yttria stabilized zirconia has been introduced into this application, because of higher strength and fracture toughness. However, due to its hydrothermal instability this material disappeared in orthopaedic applications in 2000. Meanwhile a composite materials based on an alumina matrix with dispersed metastable tetragonal zirconia particles and in-situ formed hexagonal platelets became the standard material for ceramic ball-heads, because of their excellent mechanical strength, hardness and improved fracture toughness. Especially fracture toughness can be improved further by special material formulations and tailored microstructure. It has been shown that a mixed stabilisation of zirconia by yttria and ceria with dispersed alumina and hexagonal platelets overcomes the hydrothermal instability and excellent materials properties can be achieved. Such materials do have big potential to be used in dental applications. Furthermore, these materials also can be seen as a new generation for ball-heads, because of their enhanced fracture toughness. All materials are described within these articles. In order to achieve the required properties of the materials, special raw materials are required. Therefore, it is quite important to understand and know the raw material manufacturing procedures.
format	article
author	Wolfgang Burger Gundula Kiefer
author_facet	Wolfgang Burger Gundula Kiefer
author_sort	Wolfgang Burger
title	Alumina, Zirconia and Their Composite Ceramics with Properties Tailored for Medical Applications
title_short	Alumina, Zirconia and Their Composite Ceramics with Properties Tailored for Medical Applications
title_full	Alumina, Zirconia and Their Composite Ceramics with Properties Tailored for Medical Applications
title_fullStr	Alumina, Zirconia and Their Composite Ceramics with Properties Tailored for Medical Applications
title_full_unstemmed	Alumina, Zirconia and Their Composite Ceramics with Properties Tailored for Medical Applications
title_sort	alumina, zirconia and their composite ceramics with properties tailored for medical applications
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e46f2c3840404cd593f4a42b02b9ec05
work_keys_str_mv	AT wolfgangburger aluminazirconiaandtheircompositeceramicswithpropertiestailoredformedicalapplications AT gundulakiefer aluminazirconiaandtheircompositeceramicswithpropertiestailoredformedicalapplications
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Alumina, Zirconia and Their Composite Ceramics with Properties Tailored for Medical Applications

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