Numerical Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Articulated Concrete Block Mattress as a Sustainable Coastal Protection Structure

Shoreline protection remains a global priority. Typically, coastal areas are protected by armoring them with hard, non-native, and non-sustainable materials such as limestone. To increase the execution speed and environmental friendliness and reduce the weight of individual concrete blocks and reinf...

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Autores principales:	Ramin Safari Ghaleh, Omid Aminoroayaie Yamini, S. Hooman Mousavi, Mohammad Reza Kavianpour
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	failure mechanisms sustainable coastal protection articulated concrete block mattress waves Flow-3D Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e47c7943ed23402dbbc906ca36616022
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:e47c7943ed23402dbbc906ca36616022
record_format	dspace
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	failure mechanisms sustainable coastal protection articulated concrete block mattress waves Flow-3D Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	failure mechanisms sustainable coastal protection articulated concrete block mattress waves Flow-3D Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Ramin Safari Ghaleh Omid Aminoroayaie Yamini S. Hooman Mousavi Mohammad Reza Kavianpour Numerical Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Articulated Concrete Block Mattress as a Sustainable Coastal Protection Structure
description	Shoreline protection remains a global priority. Typically, coastal areas are protected by armoring them with hard, non-native, and non-sustainable materials such as limestone. To increase the execution speed and environmental friendliness and reduce the weight of individual concrete blocks and reinforcements, concrete blocks can be designed and implemented as Articulated Concrete Block Mattress (ACB Mat). These structures act as an integral part and can be used as a revetment on the breakwater body or shoreline protection. Physical models are one of the key tools for estimating and investigating the phenomena in coastal structures. However, it does have limitations and obstacles; consequently, in this study, numerical modeling of waves on these structures has been utilized to simulate wave propagation on the breakwater, via Flow-3D software with VOF. Among the factors affecting the instability of ACB Mat are breaking waves as well as the shaking of the revetment and the displacement of the armor due to the uplift force resulting from the failure. The most important purpose of the present study is to investigate the ability of numerical Flow-3D model to simulate hydrodynamic parameters in coastal revetment. The run-up values of the waves on the concrete block armoring will multiply with increasing break parameter (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>0.5</mn><mo><</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">ξ</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo><</mo><mn>3.3</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) due to the existence of plunging waves until it (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mi>u</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><msub><mi>H</mi><mrow><mi>m</mi><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1.6</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) reaches maximum. Hence, by increasing the breaker parameter and changing breaking waves (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">ξ</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>></mo><mn>3.3</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) type to collapsing waves/surging waves, the trend of relative wave run-up changes on concrete block revetment increases gradually. By increasing the breaker index (surf similarity parameter) in the case of plunging waves (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>0.5</mn><mo><</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">ξ</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo><</mo><mn>3.3</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), the low values on the relative wave run-down are greatly reduced. Additionally, in the transition region, the change of breaking waves from plunging waves to collapsing/surging (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>3.3</mn><mo><</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">ξ</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo><</mo><mn>5.0</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), the relative run-down process occurs with less intensity.
format	article
author	Ramin Safari Ghaleh Omid Aminoroayaie Yamini S. Hooman Mousavi Mohammad Reza Kavianpour
author_facet	Ramin Safari Ghaleh Omid Aminoroayaie Yamini S. Hooman Mousavi Mohammad Reza Kavianpour
author_sort	Ramin Safari Ghaleh
title	Numerical Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Articulated Concrete Block Mattress as a Sustainable Coastal Protection Structure
title_short	Numerical Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Articulated Concrete Block Mattress as a Sustainable Coastal Protection Structure
title_full	Numerical Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Articulated Concrete Block Mattress as a Sustainable Coastal Protection Structure
title_fullStr	Numerical Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Articulated Concrete Block Mattress as a Sustainable Coastal Protection Structure
title_full_unstemmed	Numerical Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Articulated Concrete Block Mattress as a Sustainable Coastal Protection Structure
title_sort	numerical modeling of failure mechanisms in articulated concrete block mattress as a sustainable coastal protection structure
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e47c7943ed23402dbbc906ca36616022
work_keys_str_mv	AT raminsafarighaleh numericalmodelingoffailuremechanismsinarticulatedconcreteblockmattressasasustainablecoastalprotectionstructure AT omidaminoroayaieyamini numericalmodelingoffailuremechanismsinarticulatedconcreteblockmattressasasustainablecoastalprotectionstructure AT shoomanmousavi numericalmodelingoffailuremechanismsinarticulatedconcreteblockmattressasasustainablecoastalprotectionstructure AT mohammadrezakavianpour numericalmodelingoffailuremechanismsinarticulatedconcreteblockmattressasasustainablecoastalprotectionstructure
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e47c7943ed23402dbbc906ca366160222021-11-25T19:04:27ZNumerical Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Articulated Concrete Block Mattress as a Sustainable Coastal Protection Structure10.3390/su1322127942071-1050https://doaj.org/article/e47c7943ed23402dbbc906ca366160222021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12794https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Shoreline protection remains a global priority. Typically, coastal areas are protected by armoring them with hard, non-native, and non-sustainable materials such as limestone. To increase the execution speed and environmental friendliness and reduce the weight of individual concrete blocks and reinforcements, concrete blocks can be designed and implemented as Articulated Concrete Block Mattress (ACB Mat). These structures act as an integral part and can be used as a revetment on the breakwater body or shoreline protection. Physical models are one of the key tools for estimating and investigating the phenomena in coastal structures. However, it does have limitations and obstacles; consequently, in this study, numerical modeling of waves on these structures has been utilized to simulate wave propagation on the breakwater, via Flow-3D software with VOF. Among the factors affecting the instability of ACB Mat are breaking waves as well as the shaking of the revetment and the displacement of the armor due to the uplift force resulting from the failure. The most important purpose of the present study is to investigate the ability of numerical Flow-3D model to simulate hydrodynamic parameters in coastal revetment. The run-up values of the waves on the concrete block armoring will multiply with increasing break parameter (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>0.5</mn><mo><</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">ξ</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo><</mo><mn>3.3</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) due to the existence of plunging waves until it (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mi>u</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><msub><mi>H</mi><mrow><mi>m</mi><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1.6</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) reaches maximum. Hence, by increasing the breaker parameter and changing breaking waves (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">ξ</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>></mo><mn>3.3</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) type to collapsing waves/surging waves, the trend of relative wave run-up changes on concrete block revetment increases gradually. By increasing the breaker index (surf similarity parameter) in the case of plunging waves (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>0.5</mn><mo><</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">ξ</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo><</mo><mn>3.3</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), the low values on the relative wave run-down are greatly reduced. Additionally, in the transition region, the change of breaking waves from plunging waves to collapsing/surging (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>3.3</mn><mo><</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">ξ</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo><</mo><mn>5.0</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), the relative run-down process occurs with less intensity.Ramin Safari GhalehOmid Aminoroayaie YaminiS. Hooman MousaviMohammad Reza KavianpourMDPI AGarticlefailure mechanismssustainable coastal protectionarticulated concrete block mattresswavesFlow-3DEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12794, p 12794 (2021)

Numerical Modeling of Failure Mechanisms in Articulated Concrete Block Mattress as a Sustainable Coastal Protection Structure

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