Identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran

Abstract Aspergillus species are emerging causative agents of non-dermatophyte mold onychomycosis. In this study, 48 Aspergillus isolates were obtained from patients with onychomycosis in Mashhad, Iran, during 2015–2018. The aim is to identify the Aspergillus isolates to the species level by using p...

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Autores principales:	Xue Xu, Ali Naseri, Jos Houbraken, Farzaneh Akbari, Xiaodong Wang, Rongfen Zhao, Hong Zhang, Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh, Shuwen Deng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e487e9e7429e4671a48d61a38eb02257
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e487e9e7429e4671a48d61a38eb022572021-12-02T17:04:35ZIdentification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran10.1038/s41598-021-86038-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e487e9e7429e4671a48d61a38eb022572021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86038-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Aspergillus species are emerging causative agents of non-dermatophyte mold onychomycosis. In this study, 48 Aspergillus isolates were obtained from patients with onychomycosis in Mashhad, Iran, during 2015–2018. The aim is to identify the Aspergillus isolates to the species level by using partial calmodulin and beta-tubulin gene sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS, and to evaluate their in vitro susceptibility to ten antifungal drugs: terbinafine, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole, isavuconazole, caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin and amphotericin B according to CLSI M38-A3. Our results indicate that A.flavus (n = 38, 79%) is the most common Aspergillus species causing onychomycosis in Mashhad, Iran. Other detected species were A. terreus (n = 3), A. tubingensis (n = 2), A. niger (n = 1), A. welwitschiae (n = 1), A. minisclerotigenes (n = 1), A. citrinoterreus (n = 1) and A. ochraceus (n = 1). Aspergillus flavus, A. terreus and A. niger isolates were correctly identified at the species level by MALDI-TOF MS, while all cryptic species were misidentified. In conclusion, A. flavus is the predominant Aspergillus species causing onychomycosis due to Aspergillus spp. in Mashhad, Iran. MALDI-TOF MS holds promise as a fast and accurate identification tool, particularly for common Aspergillus species. It is important that the current database of reference spectra, representing different Aspergillus species is expanded to increase the precision of the species-level identification. Terbinafine, posaconazole and echinocandins were in vitro most active against the studies Aspergillus isolates and terbinafine could be the first choice for treatment of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus.Xue XuAli NaseriJos HoubrakenFarzaneh AkbariXiaodong WangRongfen ZhaoHong ZhangMohammad Javad NajafzadehShuwen DengNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Xue Xu Ali Naseri Jos Houbraken Farzaneh Akbari Xiaodong Wang Rongfen Zhao Hong Zhang Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh Shuwen Deng Identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran
description	Abstract Aspergillus species are emerging causative agents of non-dermatophyte mold onychomycosis. In this study, 48 Aspergillus isolates were obtained from patients with onychomycosis in Mashhad, Iran, during 2015–2018. The aim is to identify the Aspergillus isolates to the species level by using partial calmodulin and beta-tubulin gene sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS, and to evaluate their in vitro susceptibility to ten antifungal drugs: terbinafine, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole, isavuconazole, caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin and amphotericin B according to CLSI M38-A3. Our results indicate that A.flavus (n = 38, 79%) is the most common Aspergillus species causing onychomycosis in Mashhad, Iran. Other detected species were A. terreus (n = 3), A. tubingensis (n = 2), A. niger (n = 1), A. welwitschiae (n = 1), A. minisclerotigenes (n = 1), A. citrinoterreus (n = 1) and A. ochraceus (n = 1). Aspergillus flavus, A. terreus and A. niger isolates were correctly identified at the species level by MALDI-TOF MS, while all cryptic species were misidentified. In conclusion, A. flavus is the predominant Aspergillus species causing onychomycosis due to Aspergillus spp. in Mashhad, Iran. MALDI-TOF MS holds promise as a fast and accurate identification tool, particularly for common Aspergillus species. It is important that the current database of reference spectra, representing different Aspergillus species is expanded to increase the precision of the species-level identification. Terbinafine, posaconazole and echinocandins were in vitro most active against the studies Aspergillus isolates and terbinafine could be the first choice for treatment of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus.
format	article
author	Xue Xu Ali Naseri Jos Houbraken Farzaneh Akbari Xiaodong Wang Rongfen Zhao Hong Zhang Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh Shuwen Deng
author_facet	Xue Xu Ali Naseri Jos Houbraken Farzaneh Akbari Xiaodong Wang Rongfen Zhao Hong Zhang Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh Shuwen Deng
author_sort	Xue Xu
title	Identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran
title_short	Identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran
title_full	Identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran
title_fullStr	Identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran
title_full_unstemmed	Identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran
title_sort	identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to aspergillus species in mashhad, iran
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e487e9e7429e4671a48d61a38eb02257
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Identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of causative agents of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus species in Mashhad, Iran

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