Assessment of Coagulation–Flocculation Process Efficiency for the Natural Organic Matter Removal in Drinking Water Treatment

Natural organic matter (NOM) represents a range of heterogeneous hydrophobic and hydrophilic components naturally occurring in the water source and, due to the fact that they can act as precursors for the disinfection, by-products may have a considerable impact on drinking water quality. Coagulation...

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Autores principales:	Corina Petronela Mustereț, Irina Morosanu, Ramona Ciobanu, Oana Plavan, Andreea Gherghel, Malek Al-Refai, Ioana Roman, Carmen Teodosiu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	coagulation natural organic matter surface water dissolved organic carbon water quality indicators polyhydroxy aluminum chloride Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e488ba534b62404985d614acbf5575bf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e488ba534b62404985d614acbf5575bf2021-11-11T19:56:32ZAssessment of Coagulation–Flocculation Process Efficiency for the Natural Organic Matter Removal in Drinking Water Treatment10.3390/w132130732073-4441https://doaj.org/article/e488ba534b62404985d614acbf5575bf2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/21/3073https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441Natural organic matter (NOM) represents a range of heterogeneous hydrophobic and hydrophilic components naturally occurring in the water source and, due to the fact that they can act as precursors for the disinfection, by-products may have a considerable impact on drinking water quality. Coagulation–flocculation (C/F) is among the most applied processes for NOM removal from water sources (especially rivers). In this study, C/F efficiency for a river water supply was investigated in cold and warm conditions, by varying the coagulant dose and mixing conditions. In this study, polyhydroxy aluminum chloride PAX XL 60, and polyacrylamide FloPam AN 910 SEP were used as coagulant and flocculant, respectively. Multiple water quality indicators were determined, such as turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and residual aluminum concentration. Some unconventional parameters relevant for NOM removal were also considered, like absorbance at 254 nm (A254), at 280 nm (A280), and at 365 nm (A365), as well as the ratios A254/DOC, A254/280, and A254/A365. After coagulation–flocculation, turbidity was completely removed in all the studied conditions. The DOC content was reduced by up to 22.65% at a low temperature and by up to 31.81% at a high temperature. After the addition of polyelectrolyte in cold conditions, the efficiency in terms of A254 increased by up to 37.4%, while the specific absorbance decreased. The high molecular weight NOM increased after C/F, based on the A254/A365 ratio. Chemometric analysis was employed in order to determine the effect of the coagulant dose on the process efficiency. The optimum coagulation–flocculation conditions were corroborated by means of the principal component analysis.Corina Petronela MusterețIrina MorosanuRamona CiobanuOana PlavanAndreea GherghelMalek Al-RefaiIoana RomanCarmen TeodosiuMDPI AGarticlecoagulationnatural organic mattersurface waterdissolved organic carbonwater quality indicatorspolyhydroxy aluminum chlorideHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3073, p 3073 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	coagulation natural organic matter surface water dissolved organic carbon water quality indicators polyhydroxy aluminum chloride Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	coagulation natural organic matter surface water dissolved organic carbon water quality indicators polyhydroxy aluminum chloride Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Corina Petronela Mustereț Irina Morosanu Ramona Ciobanu Oana Plavan Andreea Gherghel Malek Al-Refai Ioana Roman Carmen Teodosiu Assessment of Coagulation–Flocculation Process Efficiency for the Natural Organic Matter Removal in Drinking Water Treatment
description	Natural organic matter (NOM) represents a range of heterogeneous hydrophobic and hydrophilic components naturally occurring in the water source and, due to the fact that they can act as precursors for the disinfection, by-products may have a considerable impact on drinking water quality. Coagulation–flocculation (C/F) is among the most applied processes for NOM removal from water sources (especially rivers). In this study, C/F efficiency for a river water supply was investigated in cold and warm conditions, by varying the coagulant dose and mixing conditions. In this study, polyhydroxy aluminum chloride PAX XL 60, and polyacrylamide FloPam AN 910 SEP were used as coagulant and flocculant, respectively. Multiple water quality indicators were determined, such as turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and residual aluminum concentration. Some unconventional parameters relevant for NOM removal were also considered, like absorbance at 254 nm (A254), at 280 nm (A280), and at 365 nm (A365), as well as the ratios A254/DOC, A254/280, and A254/A365. After coagulation–flocculation, turbidity was completely removed in all the studied conditions. The DOC content was reduced by up to 22.65% at a low temperature and by up to 31.81% at a high temperature. After the addition of polyelectrolyte in cold conditions, the efficiency in terms of A254 increased by up to 37.4%, while the specific absorbance decreased. The high molecular weight NOM increased after C/F, based on the A254/A365 ratio. Chemometric analysis was employed in order to determine the effect of the coagulant dose on the process efficiency. The optimum coagulation–flocculation conditions were corroborated by means of the principal component analysis.
format	article
author	Corina Petronela Mustereț Irina Morosanu Ramona Ciobanu Oana Plavan Andreea Gherghel Malek Al-Refai Ioana Roman Carmen Teodosiu
author_facet	Corina Petronela Mustereț Irina Morosanu Ramona Ciobanu Oana Plavan Andreea Gherghel Malek Al-Refai Ioana Roman Carmen Teodosiu
author_sort	Corina Petronela Mustereț
title	Assessment of Coagulation–Flocculation Process Efficiency for the Natural Organic Matter Removal in Drinking Water Treatment
title_short	Assessment of Coagulation–Flocculation Process Efficiency for the Natural Organic Matter Removal in Drinking Water Treatment
title_full	Assessment of Coagulation–Flocculation Process Efficiency for the Natural Organic Matter Removal in Drinking Water Treatment
title_fullStr	Assessment of Coagulation–Flocculation Process Efficiency for the Natural Organic Matter Removal in Drinking Water Treatment
title_full_unstemmed	Assessment of Coagulation–Flocculation Process Efficiency for the Natural Organic Matter Removal in Drinking Water Treatment
title_sort	assessment of coagulation–flocculation process efficiency for the natural organic matter removal in drinking water treatment
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e488ba534b62404985d614acbf5575bf
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Assessment of Coagulation–Flocculation Process Efficiency for the Natural Organic Matter Removal in Drinking Water Treatment

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