The Catastrophe of the Niedów Dam—The Causes of the Dam’s Breach, Its Development, and Consequences

Due to extreme rainfall in 2010 in the Lusatian Neisse River catchment area (in Poland), a flood event with a return period of over 100 years occurred, leading to the failure of the Niedów dam. The earth-type dam constructed for cooling the Turów power plant was washed away, resulting in the rapid r...

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Autores principales:	Stanisław Kostecki, Robert Banasiak
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	the Lusatian Neisse River the Niedów dam flood dam breach 2D flood routing Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e50a174a9c4f440a8b3508d0dda5457b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e50a174a9c4f440a8b3508d0dda5457b2021-11-25T19:16:01ZThe Catastrophe of the Niedów Dam—The Causes of the Dam’s Breach, Its Development, and Consequences10.3390/w132232542073-4441https://doaj.org/article/e50a174a9c4f440a8b3508d0dda5457b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3254https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441Due to extreme rainfall in 2010 in the Lusatian Neisse River catchment area (in Poland), a flood event with a return period of over 100 years occurred, leading to the failure of the Niedów dam. The earth-type dam constructed for cooling the Turów power plant was washed away, resulting in the rapid release of nearly 8.5 million m<sup>3</sup> of water and the flooding of the downstream area with substantial material losses. Here we analyze the conditions and causes of the dam’s failure, with special attention given to the mechanism and dynamics of the compound breaching process, in which the dam’s upstream slope reinforcement played a specific and remarkable role. The paper also describes a numerical approach for simulating a combined flood event downstream from the dam with the use of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model (MIKE21). Considering the specific local conditions, i.e., wide floodplain, meandering character of the main channel, embankment overtopping, and available data set, an iterative solution of the unsteady state problem is proposed. This approach enables realistic flood propagation estimates to be delivered, the dam breach outflow to be reconstructed, and several important answers concerning the consequences of the dam’s failure to be provided. Finally, the paper presents the reconstruction of the dam that is more resilient to extreme hydrological conditions under changing climate.Stanisław KosteckiRobert BanasiakMDPI AGarticlethe Lusatian Neisse Riverthe Niedów damflooddam breach2D flood routingHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3254, p 3254 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	the Lusatian Neisse River the Niedów dam flood dam breach 2D flood routing Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	the Lusatian Neisse River the Niedów dam flood dam breach 2D flood routing Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Stanisław Kostecki Robert Banasiak The Catastrophe of the Niedów Dam—The Causes of the Dam’s Breach, Its Development, and Consequences
description	Due to extreme rainfall in 2010 in the Lusatian Neisse River catchment area (in Poland), a flood event with a return period of over 100 years occurred, leading to the failure of the Niedów dam. The earth-type dam constructed for cooling the Turów power plant was washed away, resulting in the rapid release of nearly 8.5 million m<sup>3</sup> of water and the flooding of the downstream area with substantial material losses. Here we analyze the conditions and causes of the dam’s failure, with special attention given to the mechanism and dynamics of the compound breaching process, in which the dam’s upstream slope reinforcement played a specific and remarkable role. The paper also describes a numerical approach for simulating a combined flood event downstream from the dam with the use of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model (MIKE21). Considering the specific local conditions, i.e., wide floodplain, meandering character of the main channel, embankment overtopping, and available data set, an iterative solution of the unsteady state problem is proposed. This approach enables realistic flood propagation estimates to be delivered, the dam breach outflow to be reconstructed, and several important answers concerning the consequences of the dam’s failure to be provided. Finally, the paper presents the reconstruction of the dam that is more resilient to extreme hydrological conditions under changing climate.
format	article
author	Stanisław Kostecki Robert Banasiak
author_facet	Stanisław Kostecki Robert Banasiak
author_sort	Stanisław Kostecki
title	The Catastrophe of the Niedów Dam—The Causes of the Dam’s Breach, Its Development, and Consequences
title_short	The Catastrophe of the Niedów Dam—The Causes of the Dam’s Breach, Its Development, and Consequences
title_full	The Catastrophe of the Niedów Dam—The Causes of the Dam’s Breach, Its Development, and Consequences
title_fullStr	The Catastrophe of the Niedów Dam—The Causes of the Dam’s Breach, Its Development, and Consequences
title_full_unstemmed	The Catastrophe of the Niedów Dam—The Causes of the Dam’s Breach, Its Development, and Consequences
title_sort	catastrophe of the niedów dam—the causes of the dam’s breach, its development, and consequences
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e50a174a9c4f440a8b3508d0dda5457b
work_keys_str_mv	AT stanisławkostecki thecatastropheoftheniedowdamthecausesofthedamsbreachitsdevelopmentandconsequences AT robertbanasiak thecatastropheoftheniedowdamthecausesofthedamsbreachitsdevelopmentandconsequences AT stanisławkostecki catastropheoftheniedowdamthecausesofthedamsbreachitsdevelopmentandconsequences AT robertbanasiak catastropheoftheniedowdamthecausesofthedamsbreachitsdevelopmentandconsequences
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The Catastrophe of the Niedów Dam—The Causes of the Dam’s Breach, Its Development, and Consequences

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