Hot-water extractable C and N as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: A case study from Hungary

Soil organic matter (SOM) consists of various labile and stable fractions, which are differently influenced by agricultural activities and land-use change. This study, aimed at investigating the feasibility of achieving 4p1000 goals on conventionally tilled plough-land, was carried out in a 42 years...

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Autores principales:	László Bankó, Gergely Tóth, Csaba L. Marton, Sándor Hoffmann
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Hot-water extractable carbon Labile organic carbon 4 per Mille Carbon sequestration rate Long-term field experiment Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e5133f02dc854a458f4cfae542e57c25
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e5133f02dc854a458f4cfae542e57c252021-12-01T04:44:11ZHot-water extractable C and N as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: A case study from Hungary1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107364https://doaj.org/article/e5133f02dc854a458f4cfae542e57c252021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21000297https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XSoil organic matter (SOM) consists of various labile and stable fractions, which are differently influenced by agricultural activities and land-use change. This study, aimed at investigating the feasibility of achieving 4p1000 goals on conventionally tilled plough-land, was carried out in a 42 years-old long-term field experiment (LTE), in which the effect of three farmyard manure (FYM) doses and the FYM equivalent NPK mineral fertiliser rates can be examined, together with that of mineral fertiliser with and without ploughed-in plant residues. The soil total organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SN) and the labile hot-water soluble C (HWC) and N (HWN) fractions were determined (0–0.3 m) and used as indicators. The parameters of the tilled area were compared with those of a grassland area with similar characteristics. The suitability of these parameters for use as soil quality indicators (SQI) was also examined in terms of soil fertility. The results showed that the most sensitive fraction for the detection of treatment effects were HWC and HWN. Increases in these labile organic fractions were significantly related to the gains of SOC stocks. Based on the close correlation between these factors and both SOC and crop yield it is recommended that they should be used as indicators for the prediction of changes in SOC and in studies on soil fertility or soil quality. The initial C stock of 40.46 Mg ha−1 became 40.27–47.05 Mg ha−1 on the tilled soil after four decades, while on the grassland it rose to 69.31 Mg ha−1. The carbon sequestration rate (CSR) in the various fertilisation systems exhibited the following order: plant residue incorporation >FYM addition > mineral fertilisation (0.147–0.156, 0.101–148 and –0.021–0.065 Mg ha−1 yr−1, respectively), while an outstandingly high value of 0.687 Mg ha−1 yr−1 was recorded for the grassland. Despite the fact that the carbon sequestration potential (CSP) remained high (55.36–62.48%), the achievement of 4 per 1000 aims can only be ensured in treatments involving high rates of organic matter and only in the short term.László BankóGergely TóthCsaba L. MartonSándor HoffmannElsevierarticleHot-water extractable carbonLabile organic carbon4 per MilleCarbon sequestration rateLong-term field experimentEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 126, Iss , Pp 107364- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Hot-water extractable carbon Labile organic carbon 4 per Mille Carbon sequestration rate Long-term field experiment Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Hot-water extractable carbon Labile organic carbon 4 per Mille Carbon sequestration rate Long-term field experiment Ecology QH540-549.5 László Bankó Gergely Tóth Csaba L. Marton Sándor Hoffmann Hot-water extractable C and N as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: A case study from Hungary
description	Soil organic matter (SOM) consists of various labile and stable fractions, which are differently influenced by agricultural activities and land-use change. This study, aimed at investigating the feasibility of achieving 4p1000 goals on conventionally tilled plough-land, was carried out in a 42 years-old long-term field experiment (LTE), in which the effect of three farmyard manure (FYM) doses and the FYM equivalent NPK mineral fertiliser rates can be examined, together with that of mineral fertiliser with and without ploughed-in plant residues. The soil total organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SN) and the labile hot-water soluble C (HWC) and N (HWN) fractions were determined (0–0.3 m) and used as indicators. The parameters of the tilled area were compared with those of a grassland area with similar characteristics. The suitability of these parameters for use as soil quality indicators (SQI) was also examined in terms of soil fertility. The results showed that the most sensitive fraction for the detection of treatment effects were HWC and HWN. Increases in these labile organic fractions were significantly related to the gains of SOC stocks. Based on the close correlation between these factors and both SOC and crop yield it is recommended that they should be used as indicators for the prediction of changes in SOC and in studies on soil fertility or soil quality. The initial C stock of 40.46 Mg ha−1 became 40.27–47.05 Mg ha−1 on the tilled soil after four decades, while on the grassland it rose to 69.31 Mg ha−1. The carbon sequestration rate (CSR) in the various fertilisation systems exhibited the following order: plant residue incorporation >FYM addition > mineral fertilisation (0.147–0.156, 0.101–148 and –0.021–0.065 Mg ha−1 yr−1, respectively), while an outstandingly high value of 0.687 Mg ha−1 yr−1 was recorded for the grassland. Despite the fact that the carbon sequestration potential (CSP) remained high (55.36–62.48%), the achievement of 4 per 1000 aims can only be ensured in treatments involving high rates of organic matter and only in the short term.
format	article
author	László Bankó Gergely Tóth Csaba L. Marton Sándor Hoffmann
author_facet	László Bankó Gergely Tóth Csaba L. Marton Sándor Hoffmann
author_sort	László Bankó
title	Hot-water extractable C and N as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: A case study from Hungary
title_short	Hot-water extractable C and N as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: A case study from Hungary
title_full	Hot-water extractable C and N as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: A case study from Hungary
title_fullStr	Hot-water extractable C and N as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: A case study from Hungary
title_full_unstemmed	Hot-water extractable C and N as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: A case study from Hungary
title_sort	hot-water extractable c and n as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: a case study from hungary
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e5133f02dc854a458f4cfae542e57c25
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Hot-water extractable C and N as indicators for 4p1000 goals in a temperate-climate long-term field experiment: A case study from Hungary

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