Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in the manufacture of several commercial products like foods, packaging, cosmetics, medicines and healthcare formulations and anti-fouling paints. These NMs can pollute water bodies when they become bioavailable. In this context, this study invest...

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Autores principales:	Ana Claudia O. de Almeida, Lais F. dos Santos, Denice S. Vicentini, William G. Matias, Silvia P. Melegari
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2021
Materias:	Chronic toxicity Desmodesmus subspicatus Oxidative stress Tetraselmis sp. Zinc oxide nanorods Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e5303745769341b385d4c4f561888020
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e5303745769341b385d4c4f5618880202021-11-16T04:11:13ZEvaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems2590-182610.1016/j.enceco.2021.01.003https://doaj.org/article/e5303745769341b385d4c4f5618880202021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182621000060https://doaj.org/toc/2590-1826Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in the manufacture of several commercial products like foods, packaging, cosmetics, medicines and healthcare formulations and anti-fouling paints. These NMs can pollute water bodies when they become bioavailable. In this context, this study investigated the toxicity of ZnO nanorods (NRs) on green microalgae from freshwater and marine ecosystems, to better understand the behavior of this NM on each environment. Two green microalgae species, Desmodesmus subspicatus (freshwater) and Tetraselmus sp. (marine), were evaluated by chronic toxicity tests and oxidative stress induction by the enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT). The exposition assays were performed using three different concentrations of ZnO NRs (0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/L, and a negative control). ZnO NRs significantly affected the growth rate of both tested chlorophytes. The chronic toxicity test showed LOEC (Lowest Observed Effect Concentration) levels of 10 mg/L (72 h) for D. subspicatus and 1.0 mg/L (24 h) for Tetraselmis sp. It was observed NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) levels of 1.0 mg/L to D. subspicatus was (at 72 h) and of <0.1 mg/L for Tetraselmis sp. (at 24 h). In the enzymatic activity tests of D. subspicatus exposed to ZnO NRs, the CAT activity caused significant changes at the concentration at 10 mg/Lof ZnO NRs when compared to the control test, but for Tetraselmis sp. no change was observed in CAT activity. These results indicate that D. subspicatus was more sensitive to the effects of ZnO NRs at the concentration of 10 mg/L after 72 h, while oxidative stress of this alga was also observed at the same concentration. The results of this study show the importance of further investigating the toxicological effects of ZnO NRs on green microalgae from distinct aquatic environments and of evaluating the toxicological response of these microalgae in culture media.Ana Claudia O. de AlmeidaLais F. dos SantosDenice S. VicentiniWilliam G. MatiasSilvia P. MelegariKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.articleChronic toxicityDesmodesmus subspicatusOxidative stressTetraselmis sp.Zinc oxide nanorodsEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENEnvironmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 85-90 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Chronic toxicity Desmodesmus subspicatus Oxidative stress Tetraselmis sp. Zinc oxide nanorods Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	Chronic toxicity Desmodesmus subspicatus Oxidative stress Tetraselmis sp. Zinc oxide nanorods Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Ana Claudia O. de Almeida Lais F. dos Santos Denice S. Vicentini William G. Matias Silvia P. Melegari Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems
description	Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in the manufacture of several commercial products like foods, packaging, cosmetics, medicines and healthcare formulations and anti-fouling paints. These NMs can pollute water bodies when they become bioavailable. In this context, this study investigated the toxicity of ZnO nanorods (NRs) on green microalgae from freshwater and marine ecosystems, to better understand the behavior of this NM on each environment. Two green microalgae species, Desmodesmus subspicatus (freshwater) and Tetraselmus sp. (marine), were evaluated by chronic toxicity tests and oxidative stress induction by the enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT). The exposition assays were performed using three different concentrations of ZnO NRs (0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/L, and a negative control). ZnO NRs significantly affected the growth rate of both tested chlorophytes. The chronic toxicity test showed LOEC (Lowest Observed Effect Concentration) levels of 10 mg/L (72 h) for D. subspicatus and 1.0 mg/L (24 h) for Tetraselmis sp. It was observed NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) levels of 1.0 mg/L to D. subspicatus was (at 72 h) and of <0.1 mg/L for Tetraselmis sp. (at 24 h). In the enzymatic activity tests of D. subspicatus exposed to ZnO NRs, the CAT activity caused significant changes at the concentration at 10 mg/Lof ZnO NRs when compared to the control test, but for Tetraselmis sp. no change was observed in CAT activity. These results indicate that D. subspicatus was more sensitive to the effects of ZnO NRs at the concentration of 10 mg/L after 72 h, while oxidative stress of this alga was also observed at the same concentration. The results of this study show the importance of further investigating the toxicological effects of ZnO NRs on green microalgae from distinct aquatic environments and of evaluating the toxicological response of these microalgae in culture media.
format	article
author	Ana Claudia O. de Almeida Lais F. dos Santos Denice S. Vicentini William G. Matias Silvia P. Melegari
author_facet	Ana Claudia O. de Almeida Lais F. dos Santos Denice S. Vicentini William G. Matias Silvia P. Melegari
author_sort	Ana Claudia O. de Almeida
title	Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems
title_short	Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems
title_full	Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems
title_fullStr	Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems
title_sort	evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems
publisher	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e5303745769341b385d4c4f561888020
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Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems

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