Finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)

Abstract The radula, a chitinous membrane with embedded tooth rows, is the molluscan autapomorphy for feeding. The morphologies, arrangements and mechanical properties of teeth can vary between taxa, which is usually interpreted as adaptation to food. In previous studies, we proposed about trophic a...

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Autores principales:	Wencke Krings, Jordi Marcé-Nogué, Stanislav N. Gorb
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e5822656a39547e99b4afb996f19cf0a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e5822656a39547e99b4afb996f19cf0a2021-11-28T12:20:35ZFinite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)10.1038/s41598-021-02102-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e5822656a39547e99b4afb996f19cf0a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02102-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The radula, a chitinous membrane with embedded tooth rows, is the molluscan autapomorphy for feeding. The morphologies, arrangements and mechanical properties of teeth can vary between taxa, which is usually interpreted as adaptation to food. In previous studies, we proposed about trophic and other functional specialisations in taenioglossan radulae from species of African paludomid gastropods. These were based on the analysis of shape, material properties, force-resistance, and the mechanical behaviour of teeth, when interacting with an obstacle. The latter was previously simulated for one species (Spekia zonata) by the finite-element-analysis (FEA) and, for more species, observed in experiments. In the here presented work we test the previous hypotheses by applying the FEA on 3D modelled radulae, with incorporated material properties, from three additional paludomid species. These species forage either on algae attached to rocks (Lavigeria grandis), covering sand (Cleopatra johnstoni), or attached to plant surface and covering sand (Bridouxia grandidieriana). Since the analysed radulae vary greatly in their general size (e.g. width) and size of teeth between species, we additionally aimed at relating the simulated stress and strain distributions with the tooth sizes by altering the force/volume. For this purpose, we also included S. zonata again in the present study. Our FEA results show that smaller radulae are more affected by stress and strain than larger ones, when each tooth is loaded with the same force. However, the results are not fully in congruence with results from the previous breaking stress experiments, indicating that besides the parameter size, more mechanisms leading to reduced stress/strain must be present in radulae.Wencke KringsJordi Marcé-NoguéStanislav N. GorbNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Wencke Krings Jordi Marcé-Nogué Stanislav N. Gorb Finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)
description	Abstract The radula, a chitinous membrane with embedded tooth rows, is the molluscan autapomorphy for feeding. The morphologies, arrangements and mechanical properties of teeth can vary between taxa, which is usually interpreted as adaptation to food. In previous studies, we proposed about trophic and other functional specialisations in taenioglossan radulae from species of African paludomid gastropods. These were based on the analysis of shape, material properties, force-resistance, and the mechanical behaviour of teeth, when interacting with an obstacle. The latter was previously simulated for one species (Spekia zonata) by the finite-element-analysis (FEA) and, for more species, observed in experiments. In the here presented work we test the previous hypotheses by applying the FEA on 3D modelled radulae, with incorporated material properties, from three additional paludomid species. These species forage either on algae attached to rocks (Lavigeria grandis), covering sand (Cleopatra johnstoni), or attached to plant surface and covering sand (Bridouxia grandidieriana). Since the analysed radulae vary greatly in their general size (e.g. width) and size of teeth between species, we additionally aimed at relating the simulated stress and strain distributions with the tooth sizes by altering the force/volume. For this purpose, we also included S. zonata again in the present study. Our FEA results show that smaller radulae are more affected by stress and strain than larger ones, when each tooth is loaded with the same force. However, the results are not fully in congruence with results from the previous breaking stress experiments, indicating that besides the parameter size, more mechanisms leading to reduced stress/strain must be present in radulae.
format	article
author	Wencke Krings Jordi Marcé-Nogué Stanislav N. Gorb
author_facet	Wencke Krings Jordi Marcé-Nogué Stanislav N. Gorb
author_sort	Wencke Krings
title	Finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)
title_short	Finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)
title_full	Finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)
title_fullStr	Finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)
title_full_unstemmed	Finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)
title_sort	finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in paludomidae (gastropoda)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e5822656a39547e99b4afb996f19cf0a
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Finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)

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