Amantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms

Fuad Lechin1, Bertha van der Dijs1, Betty Pardey-Maldonado1, Jairo&nbsp;E Rivera1, Marcel&nbsp;E Lechin2, Scarlet Baez11Department of Physiological Sciences, Sections of Neuroendocrinology, Neuropharmacology, and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Faculty of Medicine...

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Autores principales:	Fuad Lechin, Bertha van der Dijs, Betty Pardey-Maldonado, et al
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2009
Materias:	Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e58b2904bac34d26ba2ad4a04841679e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e58b2904bac34d26ba2ad4a04841679e2021-12-02T04:08:54ZAmantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/e58b2904bac34d26ba2ad4a04841679e2009-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/amantadine-reduces-glucagon-and-enhances-insulin-secretion-throughout--a3796https://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Fuad Lechin1, Bertha van der Dijs1, Betty Pardey-Maldonado1, Jairo&nbsp;E Rivera1, Marcel&nbsp;E Lechin2, Scarlet Baez11Department of Physiological Sciences, Sections of Neuroendocrinology, Neuropharmacology, and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A &amp; M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, TX, USAObjective: The purpose of the trial was to examine the effects of amantadine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) plus insulin, glucagon and neurotransmitters circulating levels. Previous findings showed that hyperinsulinism and type 2 diabetes are positively associated with neural sympathetic and adrenal sympathetic activities, respectively. These peripheral sympathetic branches depend on the pontine (A5-noradrenergic) and the rostral ventrolateral (C1-adrenergic) medullary nuclei. They are excited by glutamate axons which act at NMDA postsynaptic receptors.Research design and methods: One OGTT plus placebo and one OGTT plus oral amantadine test were carried out two weeks apart in 15 caucasic normal voluntary humans. Noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, plasma-free serotonin, platelet serotonin, glucose, glucagon, and insulin were measured throughout the 180-minute testing period.Results: Maximal reductions of plasma glucose and glucagon plus exacerbated insulin rises were significantly greater throughout the oral glucose plus amantadine test than those registered throughout the oral glucose plus placebo challenge. The above findings were paralleled by greater than normal noradrenaline/adrenaline plasma ratio increases. In addition, maximal reductions of the platelet serotonin and plasma serotonin circulating values contrasted with the normal rises of these parameters, always registered during the glucose load plus placebo challenge.Conclusion: This study supports the theory that amantadine might be a powerful antidiabetic tool and could be added to the therapeutic arsenal against type 2 diabetes.Keywords: glucagon, insulin, type 2 diabetes, sympathetic nervous system, blood serotonin, blood catecholamines, amantadine Fuad LechinBertha van der DijsBetty Pardey-Maldonadoet alDove Medical PressarticleSpecialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol 2009, Iss default, Pp 203-213 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 Fuad Lechin Bertha van der Dijs Betty Pardey-Maldonado et al Amantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms
description	Fuad Lechin1, Bertha van der Dijs1, Betty Pardey-Maldonado1, Jairo&nbsp;E Rivera1, Marcel&nbsp;E Lechin2, Scarlet Baez11Department of Physiological Sciences, Sections of Neuroendocrinology, Neuropharmacology, and Neurochemistry, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A &amp; M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, TX, USAObjective: The purpose of the trial was to examine the effects of amantadine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) plus insulin, glucagon and neurotransmitters circulating levels. Previous findings showed that hyperinsulinism and type 2 diabetes are positively associated with neural sympathetic and adrenal sympathetic activities, respectively. These peripheral sympathetic branches depend on the pontine (A5-noradrenergic) and the rostral ventrolateral (C1-adrenergic) medullary nuclei. They are excited by glutamate axons which act at NMDA postsynaptic receptors.Research design and methods: One OGTT plus placebo and one OGTT plus oral amantadine test were carried out two weeks apart in 15 caucasic normal voluntary humans. Noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, plasma-free serotonin, platelet serotonin, glucose, glucagon, and insulin were measured throughout the 180-minute testing period.Results: Maximal reductions of plasma glucose and glucagon plus exacerbated insulin rises were significantly greater throughout the oral glucose plus amantadine test than those registered throughout the oral glucose plus placebo challenge. The above findings were paralleled by greater than normal noradrenaline/adrenaline plasma ratio increases. In addition, maximal reductions of the platelet serotonin and plasma serotonin circulating values contrasted with the normal rises of these parameters, always registered during the glucose load plus placebo challenge.Conclusion: This study supports the theory that amantadine might be a powerful antidiabetic tool and could be added to the therapeutic arsenal against type 2 diabetes.Keywords: glucagon, insulin, type 2 diabetes, sympathetic nervous system, blood serotonin, blood catecholamines, amantadine
format	article
author	Fuad Lechin Bertha van der Dijs Betty Pardey-Maldonado et al
author_facet	Fuad Lechin Bertha van der Dijs Betty Pardey-Maldonado et al
author_sort	Fuad Lechin
title	Amantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms
title_short	Amantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms
title_full	Amantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms
title_fullStr	Amantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed	Amantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms
title_sort	amantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/e58b2904bac34d26ba2ad4a04841679e
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Amantadine reduces glucagon and enhances insulin secretion throughout the oral glucose tolerance test: central plus peripheral nervous system mechanisms

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