A standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride

Abstract Improving the heat tolerance of cotton is a major concern for breeding programs. To address this need, a fast and effect way of quantifying thermotolerant phenotypes is required. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) based enzyme viability testing following high-temperature stress can be use...

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Autores principales:	Susan Y. Jaconis, Alan J. E. Thompson, Shanna L. Smith, Chiara Trimarchi, Nicola S. Cottee, Michael P. Bange, Warren C. Conaty
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e61581981b9b4c619f2681ff31339c59
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e61581981b9b4c619f2681ff31339c592021-12-02T15:53:42ZA standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride10.1038/s41598-021-84798-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e61581981b9b4c619f2681ff31339c592021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84798-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Improving the heat tolerance of cotton is a major concern for breeding programs. To address this need, a fast and effect way of quantifying thermotolerant phenotypes is required. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) based enzyme viability testing following high-temperature stress can be used as a vegetative heat tolerance phenotype. This is because when live cells encounter a TTC solution, TTC undergoes a chemical reduction producing a visible, insoluble red product called triphenyl formazan, that can be quantified spectrophotometrically. However, existing TTC based cell viability assays cannot easily be deployed at the scale required in a crop improvement program. In this study, a heat stress assay (HSA) based on the use of TTC enzyme viability testing has been refined and improved for efficiency, reliability, and ease of use through four experiments. Sampling factors that may influence assay results, such as leaf age, plant water status, and short-term cold storage, were also investigated. Experiments conducted in this study have successfully downscaled the assay and identified an optimal sampling regime, enabling measurement of large segregating populations for application in breeding programs. The improved HSA methodology is important as it is proposed that long-term improvements in cotton thermotolerance can be achieved through the concurrent selection of superior phenotypes based on the HSA and yield performance in hot environments. Additionally, a new way of interpreting both heat tolerance and heat resistance was developed, differentiating genotypes that perform well at the time of a heat stress event and those that maintain a similar performance level to a non-stressed control.Susan Y. JaconisAlan J. E. ThompsonShanna L. SmithChiara TrimarchiNicola S. CotteeMichael P. BangeWarren C. ConatyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Susan Y. Jaconis Alan J. E. Thompson Shanna L. Smith Chiara Trimarchi Nicola S. Cottee Michael P. Bange Warren C. Conaty A standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
description	Abstract Improving the heat tolerance of cotton is a major concern for breeding programs. To address this need, a fast and effect way of quantifying thermotolerant phenotypes is required. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) based enzyme viability testing following high-temperature stress can be used as a vegetative heat tolerance phenotype. This is because when live cells encounter a TTC solution, TTC undergoes a chemical reduction producing a visible, insoluble red product called triphenyl formazan, that can be quantified spectrophotometrically. However, existing TTC based cell viability assays cannot easily be deployed at the scale required in a crop improvement program. In this study, a heat stress assay (HSA) based on the use of TTC enzyme viability testing has been refined and improved for efficiency, reliability, and ease of use through four experiments. Sampling factors that may influence assay results, such as leaf age, plant water status, and short-term cold storage, were also investigated. Experiments conducted in this study have successfully downscaled the assay and identified an optimal sampling regime, enabling measurement of large segregating populations for application in breeding programs. The improved HSA methodology is important as it is proposed that long-term improvements in cotton thermotolerance can be achieved through the concurrent selection of superior phenotypes based on the HSA and yield performance in hot environments. Additionally, a new way of interpreting both heat tolerance and heat resistance was developed, differentiating genotypes that perform well at the time of a heat stress event and those that maintain a similar performance level to a non-stressed control.
format	article
author	Susan Y. Jaconis Alan J. E. Thompson Shanna L. Smith Chiara Trimarchi Nicola S. Cottee Michael P. Bange Warren C. Conaty
author_facet	Susan Y. Jaconis Alan J. E. Thompson Shanna L. Smith Chiara Trimarchi Nicola S. Cottee Michael P. Bange Warren C. Conaty
author_sort	Susan Y. Jaconis
title	A standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
title_short	A standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
title_full	A standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
title_fullStr	A standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
title_full_unstemmed	A standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
title_sort	standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e61581981b9b4c619f2681ff31339c59
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A standardised approach for determining heat tolerance in cotton using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride

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