An Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Carotenoids, and Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of South African Cultivars, Peruvian 199062.1 and USA's Beauregard

In this study, leaves of sweet potato cultivars from South Africa (“Ndou,” “Bophelo,” “Monate,” and “Blesbok”), “Beauregard,” a sweet potato cultivar from the USA, and a Peruvian cultivar “199062. 1” were analyzed using UPLC/QTOF/MS and chemometrics, with the aim of characterizing the locally develo...

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Autores principales:	Charmaine J. Phahlane, Sunette M. Laurie, Tinotenda Shoko, Vimbainashe E. Manhivi, Dharini Sivakumar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	phytochemicals leafy vegetable caffeoylquinic acid β-carotene antioxidant activity Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e66f215cc08f47b89f8145ea0ba87c2b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e66f215cc08f47b89f8145ea0ba87c2b2021-12-01T07:58:59ZAn Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Carotenoids, and Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of South African Cultivars, Peruvian 199062.1 and USA's Beauregard2296-861X10.3389/fnut.2021.773550https://doaj.org/article/e66f215cc08f47b89f8145ea0ba87c2b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.773550/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-861XIn this study, leaves of sweet potato cultivars from South Africa (“Ndou,” “Bophelo,” “Monate,” and “Blesbok”), “Beauregard,” a sweet potato cultivar from the USA, and a Peruvian cultivar “199062. 1” were analyzed using UPLC/QTOF/MS and chemometrics, with the aim of characterizing the locally developed sweet potato cultivars and comparing them with already well-known established varieties on the market. A set of 13 phenolic compounds was identified. A partial least squares discriminant analysis, a hierarchical cluster analysis, and variables importance in projection were used to successfully distinguish sweet potato varieties based on their distinct metabolites. Caffeic acid enabled to distinguish Cluster 1 leaves of varieties (“Beauregard” and “Ndou”) from Cluster 2 (“199062.1,” “Bophelo,” “Monate,” and “Blesbok”). The leaves of “Bophelo” contained the highest concentrations of rutin, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), (5-CQA), 1,3 dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,3-diCQA), 1,4-diCQA, and 3,5-diCQA. Furthermore, Bophelo leaves showed the highest antioxidant activities (FRAP 19.69 mM TEACg−1 and IC50 values of (3.51 and 3.43 mg ml−1) for DPPH and ABTS, respectively, compared to the other varieties. Leaves of “Blesbok” contained the highest levels of β-carotene (10.27 mg kg−1) and zeaxanthin (5.02 mg kg−1) on a dry weight basis compared to all other varieties. This study demonstrated that the leaves of local cultivars “Bophelo” and “Blesbok” have the potential to become functional ingredients for food processing.Charmaine J. PhahlaneCharmaine J. PhahlaneSunette M. LaurieTinotenda ShokoVimbainashe E. ManhiviDharini SivakumarFrontiers Media S.A.articlephytochemicalsleafy vegetablecaffeoylquinic acidβ-caroteneantioxidant activityNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENFrontiers in Nutrition, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	phytochemicals leafy vegetable caffeoylquinic acid β-carotene antioxidant activity Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	phytochemicals leafy vegetable caffeoylquinic acid β-carotene antioxidant activity Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Charmaine J. Phahlane Charmaine J. Phahlane Sunette M. Laurie Tinotenda Shoko Vimbainashe E. Manhivi Dharini Sivakumar An Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Carotenoids, and Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of South African Cultivars, Peruvian 199062.1 and USA's Beauregard
description	In this study, leaves of sweet potato cultivars from South Africa (“Ndou,” “Bophelo,” “Monate,” and “Blesbok”), “Beauregard,” a sweet potato cultivar from the USA, and a Peruvian cultivar “199062. 1” were analyzed using UPLC/QTOF/MS and chemometrics, with the aim of characterizing the locally developed sweet potato cultivars and comparing them with already well-known established varieties on the market. A set of 13 phenolic compounds was identified. A partial least squares discriminant analysis, a hierarchical cluster analysis, and variables importance in projection were used to successfully distinguish sweet potato varieties based on their distinct metabolites. Caffeic acid enabled to distinguish Cluster 1 leaves of varieties (“Beauregard” and “Ndou”) from Cluster 2 (“199062.1,” “Bophelo,” “Monate,” and “Blesbok”). The leaves of “Bophelo” contained the highest concentrations of rutin, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), (5-CQA), 1,3 dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,3-diCQA), 1,4-diCQA, and 3,5-diCQA. Furthermore, Bophelo leaves showed the highest antioxidant activities (FRAP 19.69 mM TEACg−1 and IC50 values of (3.51 and 3.43 mg ml−1) for DPPH and ABTS, respectively, compared to the other varieties. Leaves of “Blesbok” contained the highest levels of β-carotene (10.27 mg kg−1) and zeaxanthin (5.02 mg kg−1) on a dry weight basis compared to all other varieties. This study demonstrated that the leaves of local cultivars “Bophelo” and “Blesbok” have the potential to become functional ingredients for food processing.
format	article
author	Charmaine J. Phahlane Charmaine J. Phahlane Sunette M. Laurie Tinotenda Shoko Vimbainashe E. Manhivi Dharini Sivakumar
author_facet	Charmaine J. Phahlane Charmaine J. Phahlane Sunette M. Laurie Tinotenda Shoko Vimbainashe E. Manhivi Dharini Sivakumar
author_sort	Charmaine J. Phahlane
title	An Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Carotenoids, and Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of South African Cultivars, Peruvian 199062.1 and USA's Beauregard
title_short	An Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Carotenoids, and Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of South African Cultivars, Peruvian 199062.1 and USA's Beauregard
title_full	An Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Carotenoids, and Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of South African Cultivars, Peruvian 199062.1 and USA's Beauregard
title_fullStr	An Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Carotenoids, and Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of South African Cultivars, Peruvian 199062.1 and USA's Beauregard
title_full_unstemmed	An Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Carotenoids, and Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of South African Cultivars, Peruvian 199062.1 and USA's Beauregard
title_sort	evaluation of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and antioxidant properties in leaves of south african cultivars, peruvian 199062.1 and usa's beauregard
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e66f215cc08f47b89f8145ea0ba87c2b
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An Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Carotenoids, and Antioxidant Properties in Leaves of South African Cultivars, Peruvian 199062.1 and USA's Beauregard

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