Individual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners

Applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have proliferated in the last decade due to the technological advancements on various fronts such as structure-from-motion (SfM), machine learning, and robotics. An important preliminary step with regard to forest inventory and management is individual...

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Autores principales:	Mohan Midhun, Leite Rodrigo Vieira, Broadbent Eben North, Wan Mohd Jaafar Wan Shafrina, Srinivasan Shruthi, Bajaj Shaurya, Dalla Corte Ana Paula, do Amaral Cibele Hummel, Gopan Gopika, Saad Siti Nor Maizah, Muhmad Kamarulzaman Aisyah Marliza, Prata Gabriel Atticciati, Llewelyn Emma, Johnson Daniel J., Doaemo Willie, Bohlman Stephanie, Almeyda Zambrano Angelica Maria, Cardil Adrián
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	De Gruyter 2021
Materias:	single tree detection chm lm drones uav tutorials forestry data analysis forest remote sensing Geology QE1-996.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e6efe252560c4497af96b9725612a367
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e6efe252560c4497af96b9725612a3672021-12-05T14:10:49ZIndividual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners2391-544710.1515/geo-2020-0290https://doaj.org/article/e6efe252560c4497af96b9725612a3672021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0290https://doaj.org/toc/2391-5447Applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have proliferated in the last decade due to the technological advancements on various fronts such as structure-from-motion (SfM), machine learning, and robotics. An important preliminary step with regard to forest inventory and management is individual tree detection (ITD), which is required to calculate forest attributes such as stem volume, forest uniformity, and biomass estimation. However, users may find adopting the UAVs and algorithms for their specific projects challenging due to the plethora of information available. Herein, we provide a step-by-step tutorial for performing ITD using (i) low-cost UAV-derived imagery and (ii) UAV-based high-density lidar (light detection and ranging). Functions from open-source R packages were implemented to develop a canopy height model (CHM) and perform ITD utilizing the local maxima (LM) algorithm. ITD accuracy assessment statistics and validation were derived through manual visual interpretation from high-resolution imagery and field-data-based accuracy assessment. As the intended audience are beginners in remote sensing, we have adopted a very simple methodology and chosen study plots that have relatively open canopies to demonstrate our proposed approach; the respective R codes and sample plot data are available as supplementary materials.Mohan MidhunLeite Rodrigo VieiraBroadbent Eben NorthWan Mohd Jaafar Wan ShafrinaSrinivasan ShruthiBajaj ShauryaDalla Corte Ana Paulado Amaral Cibele HummelGopan GopikaSaad Siti Nor MaizahMuhmad Kamarulzaman Aisyah MarlizaPrata Gabriel AtticciatiLlewelyn EmmaJohnson Daniel J.Doaemo WillieBohlman StephanieAlmeyda Zambrano Angelica MariaCardil AdriánDe Gruyterarticlesingle tree detectionchmlmdronesuav tutorialsforestry data analysisforest remote sensingGeologyQE1-996.5ENOpen Geosciences, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1028-1039 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	single tree detection chm lm drones uav tutorials forestry data analysis forest remote sensing Geology QE1-996.5
spellingShingle	single tree detection chm lm drones uav tutorials forestry data analysis forest remote sensing Geology QE1-996.5 Mohan Midhun Leite Rodrigo Vieira Broadbent Eben North Wan Mohd Jaafar Wan Shafrina Srinivasan Shruthi Bajaj Shaurya Dalla Corte Ana Paula do Amaral Cibele Hummel Gopan Gopika Saad Siti Nor Maizah Muhmad Kamarulzaman Aisyah Marliza Prata Gabriel Atticciati Llewelyn Emma Johnson Daniel J. Doaemo Willie Bohlman Stephanie Almeyda Zambrano Angelica Maria Cardil Adrián Individual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners
description	Applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have proliferated in the last decade due to the technological advancements on various fronts such as structure-from-motion (SfM), machine learning, and robotics. An important preliminary step with regard to forest inventory and management is individual tree detection (ITD), which is required to calculate forest attributes such as stem volume, forest uniformity, and biomass estimation. However, users may find adopting the UAVs and algorithms for their specific projects challenging due to the plethora of information available. Herein, we provide a step-by-step tutorial for performing ITD using (i) low-cost UAV-derived imagery and (ii) UAV-based high-density lidar (light detection and ranging). Functions from open-source R packages were implemented to develop a canopy height model (CHM) and perform ITD utilizing the local maxima (LM) algorithm. ITD accuracy assessment statistics and validation were derived through manual visual interpretation from high-resolution imagery and field-data-based accuracy assessment. As the intended audience are beginners in remote sensing, we have adopted a very simple methodology and chosen study plots that have relatively open canopies to demonstrate our proposed approach; the respective R codes and sample plot data are available as supplementary materials.
format	article
author	Mohan Midhun Leite Rodrigo Vieira Broadbent Eben North Wan Mohd Jaafar Wan Shafrina Srinivasan Shruthi Bajaj Shaurya Dalla Corte Ana Paula do Amaral Cibele Hummel Gopan Gopika Saad Siti Nor Maizah Muhmad Kamarulzaman Aisyah Marliza Prata Gabriel Atticciati Llewelyn Emma Johnson Daniel J. Doaemo Willie Bohlman Stephanie Almeyda Zambrano Angelica Maria Cardil Adrián
author_facet	Mohan Midhun Leite Rodrigo Vieira Broadbent Eben North Wan Mohd Jaafar Wan Shafrina Srinivasan Shruthi Bajaj Shaurya Dalla Corte Ana Paula do Amaral Cibele Hummel Gopan Gopika Saad Siti Nor Maizah Muhmad Kamarulzaman Aisyah Marliza Prata Gabriel Atticciati Llewelyn Emma Johnson Daniel J. Doaemo Willie Bohlman Stephanie Almeyda Zambrano Angelica Maria Cardil Adrián
author_sort	Mohan Midhun
title	Individual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners
title_short	Individual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners
title_full	Individual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners
title_fullStr	Individual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners
title_full_unstemmed	Individual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners
title_sort	individual tree detection using uav-lidar and uav-sfm data: a tutorial for beginners
publisher	De Gruyter
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e6efe252560c4497af96b9725612a367
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Individual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners

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