Parallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in Escherichia coli.

The causes and mechanisms of evolutionary diversification are central issues in biology. Geographic isolation is the traditional explanation for diversification, but recent theoretical and empirical studies have shown that frequency-dependent selection can drive diversification without isolation and...

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Autores principales:	Matthew D Herron, Michael Doebeli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e6f8e67991e44a3897fc134f77aeed59
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e6f8e67991e44a3897fc134f77aeed592021-11-18T05:37:14ZParallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in Escherichia coli.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.1001490https://doaj.org/article/e6f8e67991e44a3897fc134f77aeed592013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23431270/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885The causes and mechanisms of evolutionary diversification are central issues in biology. Geographic isolation is the traditional explanation for diversification, but recent theoretical and empirical studies have shown that frequency-dependent selection can drive diversification without isolation and that adaptive diversification occurring in sympatry may be an important source of biological diversity. However, there are no empirical examples in which sympatric lineage splits have been understood at the genetic level, and it is unknown how predictable this process is-that is, whether similar ecological settings lead to parallel evolutionary dynamics of diversification. We documented the genetic basis and the evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in three replicate evolution experiments, in which competition for two carbon sources caused initially isogenic populations of the bacterium Escherichia coli to diversify into two coexisting ecotypes representing different physiological adaptations in the central carbohydrate metabolism. Whole-genome sequencing of clones of each ecotype from different populations revealed many parallel and some unique genetic changes underlying the derived phenotypes, including changes to the same genes and sometimes to the same nucleotide. Timelines of allele frequencies extracted from the frozen "fossil" record of the three evolving populations suggest parallel evolutionary dynamics driven at least in part by a co-evolutionary process in which mutations causing one type of physiology changed the ecological environment, allowing the invasion of mutations causing an alternate physiology. This process closely corresponds to the evolutionary dynamics seen in mathematical models of adaptive diversification due to frequency-dependent ecological interactions. The parallel genetic changes underlying similar phenotypes in independently evolved lineages provide empirical evidence of adaptive diversification as a predictable evolutionary process.Matthew D HerronMichael DoebeliPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 11, Iss 2, p e1001490 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Matthew D Herron Michael Doebeli Parallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in Escherichia coli.
description	The causes and mechanisms of evolutionary diversification are central issues in biology. Geographic isolation is the traditional explanation for diversification, but recent theoretical and empirical studies have shown that frequency-dependent selection can drive diversification without isolation and that adaptive diversification occurring in sympatry may be an important source of biological diversity. However, there are no empirical examples in which sympatric lineage splits have been understood at the genetic level, and it is unknown how predictable this process is-that is, whether similar ecological settings lead to parallel evolutionary dynamics of diversification. We documented the genetic basis and the evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in three replicate evolution experiments, in which competition for two carbon sources caused initially isogenic populations of the bacterium Escherichia coli to diversify into two coexisting ecotypes representing different physiological adaptations in the central carbohydrate metabolism. Whole-genome sequencing of clones of each ecotype from different populations revealed many parallel and some unique genetic changes underlying the derived phenotypes, including changes to the same genes and sometimes to the same nucleotide. Timelines of allele frequencies extracted from the frozen "fossil" record of the three evolving populations suggest parallel evolutionary dynamics driven at least in part by a co-evolutionary process in which mutations causing one type of physiology changed the ecological environment, allowing the invasion of mutations causing an alternate physiology. This process closely corresponds to the evolutionary dynamics seen in mathematical models of adaptive diversification due to frequency-dependent ecological interactions. The parallel genetic changes underlying similar phenotypes in independently evolved lineages provide empirical evidence of adaptive diversification as a predictable evolutionary process.
format	article
author	Matthew D Herron Michael Doebeli
author_facet	Matthew D Herron Michael Doebeli
author_sort	Matthew D Herron
title	Parallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in Escherichia coli.
title_short	Parallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in Escherichia coli.
title_full	Parallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in Escherichia coli.
title_fullStr	Parallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in Escherichia coli.
title_full_unstemmed	Parallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in Escherichia coli.
title_sort	parallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in escherichia coli.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/e6f8e67991e44a3897fc134f77aeed59
work_keys_str_mv	AT matthewdherron parallelevolutionarydynamicsofadaptivediversificationinescherichiacoli AT michaeldoebeli parallelevolutionarydynamicsofadaptivediversificationinescherichiacoli
_version_	1718424886120022016

Parallel evolutionary dynamics of adaptive diversification in Escherichia coli.

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