Epidemiology of Intravitreal Injections in Iran: Indications and Referral Patterns in a Tertiary Hospital

Mohammad Zarei,1 Ramak Roohipoor,1 Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh,1 Mehdi Yaseri,2 Hamid Riazi-Esfahani1 1Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Teh...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:
Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zarei M, Roohipoor R, Mahmoudzadeh R, Yaseri M, Riazi-Esfahani H
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/e70e20ffd77542fbb4167a218f128b3e
Etiquetas: Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
id oai:doaj.org-article:e70e20ffd77542fbb4167a218f128b3e
record_format dspace
spelling oai:doaj.org-article:e70e20ffd77542fbb4167a218f128b3e2021-12-02T09:31:36ZEpidemiology of Intravitreal Injections in Iran: Indications and Referral Patterns in a Tertiary Hospital1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/e70e20ffd77542fbb4167a218f128b3e2020-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/epidemiology-of-intravitreal-injections-in-iran-indications-and-referr-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Mohammad Zarei,1 Ramak Roohipoor,1 Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh,1 Mehdi Yaseri,2 Hamid Riazi-Esfahani1 1Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranCorrespondence: Hamid Riazi-EsfahaniRetina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Kargar Street, Tehran 1336616351, IranTel +98 9123779108Email Hamidriazi@gmail.comPurpose: To study the relative contribution of major indications and geographic referral patterns for intravitreal bevacizumab injections in a tertiary hospital.Methods: In this retrospective study, hospital electronic registry was used to categorize patients who had received intravitreal injections (IVIs) during the 2014– 2016 period into different groups based on indications. Relative contribution of each indication and odds of being resident of provinces other than Tehran were determined.Results: The most prevalent indications for IVI were pathologies related to diabetes mellitus (DM) followed by choroidal neovascularization (CNV)/age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinal venous occlusion (RVO)-related complications. From 38,043 patients, 61.8% were residents of Tehran province. Patients in the CNV/AMD group were the oldest. Patients from Tehran province were significantly older (62.44 ± 11.42 (12– 99)) than patients who were referred from other provinces (59.23 ± 11.39 (11– 102)) (p=< 0.001). The majority of patients in all indication categories were from Tehran province, except for patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Odds of being referred from outside Tehran province for the ROP group compared to the DM-related, CNV/AMD, RVO-related and miscellaneous groups were 3.32, 4.27, 3.13 and 2.83, respectively (p< 0.001).Conclusion: DM-related ocular complications outnumber all other indications of IVIs combined. Considering the preventable nature of these complications, efficient health policies can significantly reduce the burden of IVIs in Iran. The contribution of each indication category in overall burden of IVIs seems to vary considerably between different countries which merits further studies. The disproportionately high ratio of ROP patients who are referred from other provinces to the capital province for treatment indicates a suboptimal distribution of ROP care services throughout the country.Keywords: epidemiology, indications, intravitreal injection, diabetes, retinopathy of prematurity, referral patternsZarei MRoohipoor RMahmoudzadeh RYaseri MRiazi-Esfahani HDove Medical Pressarticleepidemiologyindicationsintravitreal injectiondiabetesretinopathy of prematurityreferral patterns.OphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 14, Pp 1201-1206 (2020)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic epidemiology
indications
intravitreal injection
diabetes
retinopathy of prematurity
referral patterns.
Ophthalmology
RE1-994
spellingShingle epidemiology
indications
intravitreal injection
diabetes
retinopathy of prematurity
referral patterns.
Ophthalmology
RE1-994
Zarei M
Roohipoor R
Mahmoudzadeh R
Yaseri M
Riazi-Esfahani H
Epidemiology of Intravitreal Injections in Iran: Indications and Referral Patterns in a Tertiary Hospital
description Mohammad Zarei,1 Ramak Roohipoor,1 Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh,1 Mehdi Yaseri,2 Hamid Riazi-Esfahani1 1Retina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranCorrespondence: Hamid Riazi-EsfahaniRetina Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, South Kargar Street, Tehran 1336616351, IranTel +98 9123779108Email Hamidriazi@gmail.comPurpose: To study the relative contribution of major indications and geographic referral patterns for intravitreal bevacizumab injections in a tertiary hospital.Methods: In this retrospective study, hospital electronic registry was used to categorize patients who had received intravitreal injections (IVIs) during the 2014– 2016 period into different groups based on indications. Relative contribution of each indication and odds of being resident of provinces other than Tehran were determined.Results: The most prevalent indications for IVI were pathologies related to diabetes mellitus (DM) followed by choroidal neovascularization (CNV)/age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinal venous occlusion (RVO)-related complications. From 38,043 patients, 61.8% were residents of Tehran province. Patients in the CNV/AMD group were the oldest. Patients from Tehran province were significantly older (62.44 ± 11.42 (12– 99)) than patients who were referred from other provinces (59.23 ± 11.39 (11– 102)) (p=< 0.001). The majority of patients in all indication categories were from Tehran province, except for patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Odds of being referred from outside Tehran province for the ROP group compared to the DM-related, CNV/AMD, RVO-related and miscellaneous groups were 3.32, 4.27, 3.13 and 2.83, respectively (p< 0.001).Conclusion: DM-related ocular complications outnumber all other indications of IVIs combined. Considering the preventable nature of these complications, efficient health policies can significantly reduce the burden of IVIs in Iran. The contribution of each indication category in overall burden of IVIs seems to vary considerably between different countries which merits further studies. The disproportionately high ratio of ROP patients who are referred from other provinces to the capital province for treatment indicates a suboptimal distribution of ROP care services throughout the country.Keywords: epidemiology, indications, intravitreal injection, diabetes, retinopathy of prematurity, referral patterns
format article
author Zarei M
Roohipoor R
Mahmoudzadeh R
Yaseri M
Riazi-Esfahani H
author_facet Zarei M
Roohipoor R
Mahmoudzadeh R
Yaseri M
Riazi-Esfahani H
author_sort Zarei M
title Epidemiology of Intravitreal Injections in Iran: Indications and Referral Patterns in a Tertiary Hospital
title_short Epidemiology of Intravitreal Injections in Iran: Indications and Referral Patterns in a Tertiary Hospital
title_full Epidemiology of Intravitreal Injections in Iran: Indications and Referral Patterns in a Tertiary Hospital
title_fullStr Epidemiology of Intravitreal Injections in Iran: Indications and Referral Patterns in a Tertiary Hospital
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology of Intravitreal Injections in Iran: Indications and Referral Patterns in a Tertiary Hospital
title_sort epidemiology of intravitreal injections in iran: indications and referral patterns in a tertiary hospital
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2020
url https://doaj.org/article/e70e20ffd77542fbb4167a218f128b3e
work_keys_str_mv AT zareim epidemiologyofintravitrealinjectionsiniranindicationsandreferralpatternsinatertiaryhospital
AT roohipoorr epidemiologyofintravitrealinjectionsiniranindicationsandreferralpatternsinatertiaryhospital
AT mahmoudzadehr epidemiologyofintravitrealinjectionsiniranindicationsandreferralpatternsinatertiaryhospital
AT yaserim epidemiologyofintravitrealinjectionsiniranindicationsandreferralpatternsinatertiaryhospital
AT riaziesfahanih epidemiologyofintravitrealinjectionsiniranindicationsandreferralpatternsinatertiaryhospital
_version_ 1718398095906045952