Surface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier

Syairah Liyana Mohd Abd Ghafar,1 Mohd Zobir Hussein,2 Yaya Rukayadi,1,3 Md Zuki Abu Bakar Zakaria1,4 1Institute of Bioscience, 2Institute of Advance Technology, 3Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, 4Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary...

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Autores principales:	Mohd Abd Ghafar SL, Hussein MZ, Rukayadi Y, Abu Bakar Zakaria MZ
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	Cockle shell calcium carbonate aragonite surface functionalization nanoparticle drug delivery Medical technology R855-855.5 Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e70e898a652246699f39df074a5287dd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e70e898a652246699f39df074a5287dd2021-12-02T01:19:25ZSurface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier1177-8903https://doaj.org/article/e70e898a652246699f39df074a5287dd2017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/surface-functionalized-cockle-shell-based-calcium-carbonate-aragonite-peer-reviewed-article-NSAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-8903Syairah Liyana Mohd Abd Ghafar,1 Mohd Zobir Hussein,2 Yaya Rukayadi,1,3 Md Zuki Abu Bakar Zakaria1,4 1Institute of Bioscience, 2Institute of Advance Technology, 3Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, 4Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Abstract: Calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph nanoparticles derived from cockle shells were prepared using surface functionalization method followed by purification steps. Size, morphology, and surface properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zetasizer, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry techniques. The potential of surface-functionalized calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph nanoparticle as a drug-delivery agent were assessed through in vitro drug-loading test and drug-release test. Transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and particle size distribution analyses revealed that size, morphology, and surface characterization had been improved after surface functionalization process. Zeta potential of the nanoparticles was found to be increased, thereby demonstrating better dispersion among the nanoparticles. Purification techniques showed a further improvement in the overall distribution of nanoparticles toward more refined size ranges <100 nm, which specifically favored drug-delivery applications. The purity of the aragonite phase and their chemical analyses were verified by X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry studies. In vitro biological response of hFOB 1.19 osteoblast cells showed that surface functionalization could improve the cytotoxicity of cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite nanocarrier. The sample was also sensitive to pH changes and demonstrated good abilities to load and sustain in vitro drug. This study thus indicates that calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph nanoparticles derived from cockle shells, a natural biomaterial, with modified surface characteristics are promising and can be applied as efficient carriers for drug delivery. Keywords: cockle shell, calcium carbonate, aragonite, surface functionalization, nanoparticle, drug deliveryMohd Abd Ghafar SLHussein MZRukayadi YAbu Bakar Zakaria MZDove Medical PressarticleCockle shellcalcium carbonatearagonitesurface functionalizationnanoparticledrug deliveryMedical technologyR855-855.5Chemical technologyTP1-1185ENNanotechnology, Science and Applications, Vol Volume 10, Pp 79-94 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Cockle shell calcium carbonate aragonite surface functionalization nanoparticle drug delivery Medical technology R855-855.5 Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	Cockle shell calcium carbonate aragonite surface functionalization nanoparticle drug delivery Medical technology R855-855.5 Chemical technology TP1-1185 Mohd Abd Ghafar SL Hussein MZ Rukayadi Y Abu Bakar Zakaria MZ Surface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier
description	Syairah Liyana Mohd Abd Ghafar,1 Mohd Zobir Hussein,2 Yaya Rukayadi,1,3 Md Zuki Abu Bakar Zakaria1,4 1Institute of Bioscience, 2Institute of Advance Technology, 3Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, 4Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Abstract: Calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph nanoparticles derived from cockle shells were prepared using surface functionalization method followed by purification steps. Size, morphology, and surface properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zetasizer, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry techniques. The potential of surface-functionalized calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph nanoparticle as a drug-delivery agent were assessed through in vitro drug-loading test and drug-release test. Transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and particle size distribution analyses revealed that size, morphology, and surface characterization had been improved after surface functionalization process. Zeta potential of the nanoparticles was found to be increased, thereby demonstrating better dispersion among the nanoparticles. Purification techniques showed a further improvement in the overall distribution of nanoparticles toward more refined size ranges <100 nm, which specifically favored drug-delivery applications. The purity of the aragonite phase and their chemical analyses were verified by X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry studies. In vitro biological response of hFOB 1.19 osteoblast cells showed that surface functionalization could improve the cytotoxicity of cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite nanocarrier. The sample was also sensitive to pH changes and demonstrated good abilities to load and sustain in vitro drug. This study thus indicates that calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph nanoparticles derived from cockle shells, a natural biomaterial, with modified surface characteristics are promising and can be applied as efficient carriers for drug delivery. Keywords: cockle shell, calcium carbonate, aragonite, surface functionalization, nanoparticle, drug delivery
format	article
author	Mohd Abd Ghafar SL Hussein MZ Rukayadi Y Abu Bakar Zakaria MZ
author_facet	Mohd Abd Ghafar SL Hussein MZ Rukayadi Y Abu Bakar Zakaria MZ
author_sort	Mohd Abd Ghafar SL
title	Surface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier
title_short	Surface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier
title_full	Surface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier
title_fullStr	Surface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier
title_full_unstemmed	Surface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier
title_sort	surface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/e70e898a652246699f39df074a5287dd
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Surface-functionalized cockle shell&ndash;based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier

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Surface-functionalized cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier