Payments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges

Introduction: Payment for watershed ecosystem services (PWES), a policy instrument for compensating for the externality of watershed ecosystem/environmental services, has gained in policy importance in China over the past two decades. Many scholars and researchers have contributed to the conceptuali...

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Autores principales:	Danyang Feng, Wenliang Wu, Long Liang, Li Li, Guishen Zhao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2018
Materias:	Payment for watershed ecosystem services case study compensation standard multi-stakeholder negotiation mechanism win–win pattern Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e7186300de2a4db7badf8629c422a8ab
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e7186300de2a4db7badf8629c422a8ab2021-12-02T14:12:21ZPayments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges2096-41292332-887810.1080/20964129.2018.1434318https://doaj.org/article/e7186300de2a4db7badf8629c422a8ab2018-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2018.1434318https://doaj.org/toc/2096-4129https://doaj.org/toc/2332-8878Introduction: Payment for watershed ecosystem services (PWES), a policy instrument for compensating for the externality of watershed ecosystem/environmental services, has gained in policy importance in China over the past two decades. Many scholars and researchers have contributed to the conceptualization of this policy framework by developing operational mechanisms as well as compensation standards for PWES. Outcomes: This article reviews 27 PWES schemes piloted in China and in 10 other countries, with a particular emphasis on successful cases of land-use conversion programs, such as the Paddy Land to Dry Land Program and Sloping Land Conversion Program that have been implemented in China. Discussion: By comparing different cases, the authors attempt to answer the following questions: what were the ecological and institutional contexts in which these schemes were established and how did they work? What were the actual efficiencies and impacts of these piloted schemes? Which scheme worked better in certain ecological, socio- economic, and institutional contexts? Conclusion: Based on case studies, the authors draw the following conclusions about Chinese PWES: (1) to establish an acceptable standard for a PWES program, it is necessary to estimate the economic and social costs regarding the livelihoods of households; (2) multi-stakeholder negotiation mechanism for PWES, including intermediaries, such as the local government, NGO/NPOs, village committees, and user associations, should be used; (3) ES, non-market services, should acquire positive externalities to accomplish an optimal win–win pattern concerning both environmental goals and the livelihoods of local resource users.Danyang FengWenliang WuLong LiangLi LiGuishen ZhaoTaylor & Francis GrouparticlePayment for watershed ecosystem servicescase studycompensation standardmulti-stakeholder negotiation mechanismwin–win patternEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcosystem Health and Sustainability, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 13-28 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Payment for watershed ecosystem services case study compensation standard multi-stakeholder negotiation mechanism win–win pattern Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Payment for watershed ecosystem services case study compensation standard multi-stakeholder negotiation mechanism win–win pattern Ecology QH540-549.5 Danyang Feng Wenliang Wu Long Liang Li Li Guishen Zhao Payments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges
description	Introduction: Payment for watershed ecosystem services (PWES), a policy instrument for compensating for the externality of watershed ecosystem/environmental services, has gained in policy importance in China over the past two decades. Many scholars and researchers have contributed to the conceptualization of this policy framework by developing operational mechanisms as well as compensation standards for PWES. Outcomes: This article reviews 27 PWES schemes piloted in China and in 10 other countries, with a particular emphasis on successful cases of land-use conversion programs, such as the Paddy Land to Dry Land Program and Sloping Land Conversion Program that have been implemented in China. Discussion: By comparing different cases, the authors attempt to answer the following questions: what were the ecological and institutional contexts in which these schemes were established and how did they work? What were the actual efficiencies and impacts of these piloted schemes? Which scheme worked better in certain ecological, socio- economic, and institutional contexts? Conclusion: Based on case studies, the authors draw the following conclusions about Chinese PWES: (1) to establish an acceptable standard for a PWES program, it is necessary to estimate the economic and social costs regarding the livelihoods of households; (2) multi-stakeholder negotiation mechanism for PWES, including intermediaries, such as the local government, NGO/NPOs, village committees, and user associations, should be used; (3) ES, non-market services, should acquire positive externalities to accomplish an optimal win–win pattern concerning both environmental goals and the livelihoods of local resource users.
format	article
author	Danyang Feng Wenliang Wu Long Liang Li Li Guishen Zhao
author_facet	Danyang Feng Wenliang Wu Long Liang Li Li Guishen Zhao
author_sort	Danyang Feng
title	Payments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges
title_short	Payments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges
title_full	Payments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges
title_fullStr	Payments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges
title_full_unstemmed	Payments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges
title_sort	payments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/e7186300de2a4db7badf8629c422a8ab
work_keys_str_mv	AT danyangfeng paymentsforwatershedecosystemservicesmechanismprogressandchallenges AT wenliangwu paymentsforwatershedecosystemservicesmechanismprogressandchallenges AT longliang paymentsforwatershedecosystemservicesmechanismprogressandchallenges AT lili paymentsforwatershedecosystemservicesmechanismprogressandchallenges AT guishenzhao paymentsforwatershedecosystemservicesmechanismprogressandchallenges
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Payments for watershed ecosystem services: mechanism, progress and challenges

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