Increased levels of circulating LPS during Tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.

Our earlier studies in tuberculosis (TB) patients indicate that in those where the process evolves to a larger pulmonary involvement, the immune endocrine response may promote an unfavorable environment. Chronic infectious diseases, and their persistent proinflammatory response, may affect mucosal b...

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Autores principales:	Georgina Gallucci, Natalia Santucci, Ariana Díaz, Bettina Bongiovanni, Diego Bértola, Walter Gardeñez, Mauricio Rassetto, María Luisa Bay, Oscar Bottasso, Luciano D'Attilio
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e72c49a9263e4b99a77efc1b924649dd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e72c49a9263e4b99a77efc1b924649dd2021-12-02T20:14:42ZIncreased levels of circulating LPS during Tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0257214https://doaj.org/article/e72c49a9263e4b99a77efc1b924649dd2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257214https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Our earlier studies in tuberculosis (TB) patients indicate that in those where the process evolves to a larger pulmonary involvement, the immune endocrine response may promote an unfavorable environment. Chronic infectious diseases, and their persistent proinflammatory response, may affect mucosal barriers integrity favoring the translocation of gastrointestinal bacteria, leading to an increase of circulating lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Consequently, we quantified LPS levels in TB patients, with different degrees of pulmonary involvement, and controls (Co) and analyzed the possible relationship between LPS and inflammatory mediators i.e., C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), steroid hormones (Cortisol and Dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA), and inflammatory transcripts from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ). LPS was assessed by the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay and the ELISA technique was used to quantify hormones and cytokines in the plasma samples. Cytokine transcripts from PBMC were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Non-parametric tests were used. LPS levels were increased in TB patients, as did levels of CRP, IL-6, IFN-γ, cortisol and ESR. Severe patients had the highest amounts of circulating LPS; with moderate and severe cases showing much higher levels of CRP, ESR, IL-6, IFN-γ and cortisol/DHEA ratio, as an endocrine imbalance. Only in PBMC from severe cases was mRNA for IL-1β increased. Correlation analysis showed that levels of LPS from severe patients were positively associated with IL-6 and IFN-γ plasma concentrations and with IL-1β transcripts, while IL-6 had a positive correlation with the cortisol/DHEA ratio. The higher levels of circulating LPS during progressive TB may emerge as a contributing factor for the persistence of the greater immune endocrine imbalance distinctive of advanced disease, which might suggest a vicious cycle among LPS, inflammation and endocrine imbalance.Georgina GallucciNatalia SantucciAriana DíazBettina BongiovanniDiego BértolaWalter GardeñezMauricio RassettoMaría Luisa BayOscar BottassoLuciano D'AttilioPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257214 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Georgina Gallucci Natalia Santucci Ariana Díaz Bettina Bongiovanni Diego Bértola Walter Gardeñez Mauricio Rassetto María Luisa Bay Oscar Bottasso Luciano D'Attilio Increased levels of circulating LPS during Tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.
description	Our earlier studies in tuberculosis (TB) patients indicate that in those where the process evolves to a larger pulmonary involvement, the immune endocrine response may promote an unfavorable environment. Chronic infectious diseases, and their persistent proinflammatory response, may affect mucosal barriers integrity favoring the translocation of gastrointestinal bacteria, leading to an increase of circulating lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Consequently, we quantified LPS levels in TB patients, with different degrees of pulmonary involvement, and controls (Co) and analyzed the possible relationship between LPS and inflammatory mediators i.e., C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), steroid hormones (Cortisol and Dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA), and inflammatory transcripts from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ). LPS was assessed by the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay and the ELISA technique was used to quantify hormones and cytokines in the plasma samples. Cytokine transcripts from PBMC were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Non-parametric tests were used. LPS levels were increased in TB patients, as did levels of CRP, IL-6, IFN-γ, cortisol and ESR. Severe patients had the highest amounts of circulating LPS; with moderate and severe cases showing much higher levels of CRP, ESR, IL-6, IFN-γ and cortisol/DHEA ratio, as an endocrine imbalance. Only in PBMC from severe cases was mRNA for IL-1β increased. Correlation analysis showed that levels of LPS from severe patients were positively associated with IL-6 and IFN-γ plasma concentrations and with IL-1β transcripts, while IL-6 had a positive correlation with the cortisol/DHEA ratio. The higher levels of circulating LPS during progressive TB may emerge as a contributing factor for the persistence of the greater immune endocrine imbalance distinctive of advanced disease, which might suggest a vicious cycle among LPS, inflammation and endocrine imbalance.
format	article
author	Georgina Gallucci Natalia Santucci Ariana Díaz Bettina Bongiovanni Diego Bértola Walter Gardeñez Mauricio Rassetto María Luisa Bay Oscar Bottasso Luciano D'Attilio
author_facet	Georgina Gallucci Natalia Santucci Ariana Díaz Bettina Bongiovanni Diego Bértola Walter Gardeñez Mauricio Rassetto María Luisa Bay Oscar Bottasso Luciano D'Attilio
author_sort	Georgina Gallucci
title	Increased levels of circulating LPS during Tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.
title_short	Increased levels of circulating LPS during Tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.
title_full	Increased levels of circulating LPS during Tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.
title_fullStr	Increased levels of circulating LPS during Tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.
title_full_unstemmed	Increased levels of circulating LPS during Tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.
title_sort	increased levels of circulating lps during tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e72c49a9263e4b99a77efc1b924649dd
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Increased levels of circulating LPS during Tuberculosis prevails in patients with advanced pulmonary involvement.

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