Prescribing Patterns for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prescription-Review of Primary Care Practice in Quetta, Pakistan and the Implications

Background: To identify and address the potential overuse of antibiotics, it is important to ascertain the prescribing practices of physicians. We, therefore, conducted this prescription analysis to document URTI-specific antibiotic prescription frequency in a public primary healthcare setting of Qu...

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Autores principales:	Hania Hashmi, Nazeer Ahmad Sasoli, Abdul Sadiq, Abdul Raziq, Fakhra Batool, Shanaz Raza, Qaiser Iqbal, Sajjad Haider, Syed Umer Jan, Muhammad Alam Mengal, Abdul Malik Tareen, Adnan Khalid, Fahad Saleem
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	prescribing patterns upper respiratory tract infections prescription-review Quetta city Pakistan Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e732302d3b0f4f2aa79fdb59819643de
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e732302d3b0f4f2aa79fdb59819643de2021-11-19T07:54:54ZPrescribing Patterns for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prescription-Review of Primary Care Practice in Quetta, Pakistan and the Implications2296-256510.3389/fpubh.2021.787933https://doaj.org/article/e732302d3b0f4f2aa79fdb59819643de2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.787933/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-2565Background: To identify and address the potential overuse of antibiotics, it is important to ascertain the prescribing practices of physicians. We, therefore, conducted this prescription analysis to document URTI-specific antibiotic prescription frequency in a public primary healthcare setting of Quetta city, Pakistan.Methods: A retrospective record review was conducted of all prescriptions for URTIs in Combined Military Hospital, Quetta from 1 March to 31st May 2021. The Mann-Whitney U and Jonckheere–Terpstra test was used to evaluate the association between the tendencies of a different group of prescribers. p-value of <0.05 was of statistical significance.Results: Over the 3 months, 50,705 prescriptions were screened and analyzed according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 4,126 (8.13%) URTI prescriptions met the inclusion criteria, of which 2,880 (69.80%) prescriptions contained antibiotics. Among all antibiotics, penicillins (Amoxicillin + Clavulanate) were the most prescribed antibiotic, constituting 1,323 (45.9%) of total antibiotics prescribed for all cases, followed by the Macrolide group 527 (18.2%). The Jonckheere–Terpstra test revealed a statistically significant association between the status of the prescriber and the diagnosis (p = 0.002). Furthermore, a moderate positive trend was reported with specialists being more competent in antibiotic prescribing based on their diagnosis, followed by postgraduates and house officers (τ = 0.322).Conclusion: The prescribing patterns for the management of URTIs in the hospital were inconsistent with current guidelines. Strict adherence to guidelines must be ensured and antibiotic prescribing for URTIs should be discouraged.Hania HashmiNazeer Ahmad SasoliAbdul SadiqAbdul RaziqFakhra BatoolShanaz RazaQaiser IqbalSajjad HaiderSyed Umer JanMuhammad Alam MengalAbdul Malik TareenAdnan KhalidFahad SaleemFrontiers Media S.A.articleprescribing patternsupper respiratory tract infectionsprescription-reviewQuetta cityPakistanPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENFrontiers in Public Health, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	prescribing patterns upper respiratory tract infections prescription-review Quetta city Pakistan Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	prescribing patterns upper respiratory tract infections prescription-review Quetta city Pakistan Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Hania Hashmi Nazeer Ahmad Sasoli Abdul Sadiq Abdul Raziq Fakhra Batool Shanaz Raza Qaiser Iqbal Sajjad Haider Syed Umer Jan Muhammad Alam Mengal Abdul Malik Tareen Adnan Khalid Fahad Saleem Prescribing Patterns for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prescription-Review of Primary Care Practice in Quetta, Pakistan and the Implications
description	Background: To identify and address the potential overuse of antibiotics, it is important to ascertain the prescribing practices of physicians. We, therefore, conducted this prescription analysis to document URTI-specific antibiotic prescription frequency in a public primary healthcare setting of Quetta city, Pakistan.Methods: A retrospective record review was conducted of all prescriptions for URTIs in Combined Military Hospital, Quetta from 1 March to 31st May 2021. The Mann-Whitney U and Jonckheere–Terpstra test was used to evaluate the association between the tendencies of a different group of prescribers. p-value of <0.05 was of statistical significance.Results: Over the 3 months, 50,705 prescriptions were screened and analyzed according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 4,126 (8.13%) URTI prescriptions met the inclusion criteria, of which 2,880 (69.80%) prescriptions contained antibiotics. Among all antibiotics, penicillins (Amoxicillin + Clavulanate) were the most prescribed antibiotic, constituting 1,323 (45.9%) of total antibiotics prescribed for all cases, followed by the Macrolide group 527 (18.2%). The Jonckheere–Terpstra test revealed a statistically significant association between the status of the prescriber and the diagnosis (p = 0.002). Furthermore, a moderate positive trend was reported with specialists being more competent in antibiotic prescribing based on their diagnosis, followed by postgraduates and house officers (τ = 0.322).Conclusion: The prescribing patterns for the management of URTIs in the hospital were inconsistent with current guidelines. Strict adherence to guidelines must be ensured and antibiotic prescribing for URTIs should be discouraged.
format	article
author	Hania Hashmi Nazeer Ahmad Sasoli Abdul Sadiq Abdul Raziq Fakhra Batool Shanaz Raza Qaiser Iqbal Sajjad Haider Syed Umer Jan Muhammad Alam Mengal Abdul Malik Tareen Adnan Khalid Fahad Saleem
author_facet	Hania Hashmi Nazeer Ahmad Sasoli Abdul Sadiq Abdul Raziq Fakhra Batool Shanaz Raza Qaiser Iqbal Sajjad Haider Syed Umer Jan Muhammad Alam Mengal Abdul Malik Tareen Adnan Khalid Fahad Saleem
author_sort	Hania Hashmi
title	Prescribing Patterns for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prescription-Review of Primary Care Practice in Quetta, Pakistan and the Implications
title_short	Prescribing Patterns for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prescription-Review of Primary Care Practice in Quetta, Pakistan and the Implications
title_full	Prescribing Patterns for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prescription-Review of Primary Care Practice in Quetta, Pakistan and the Implications
title_fullStr	Prescribing Patterns for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prescription-Review of Primary Care Practice in Quetta, Pakistan and the Implications
title_full_unstemmed	Prescribing Patterns for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prescription-Review of Primary Care Practice in Quetta, Pakistan and the Implications
title_sort	prescribing patterns for upper respiratory tract infections: a prescription-review of primary care practice in quetta, pakistan and the implications
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e732302d3b0f4f2aa79fdb59819643de
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Prescribing Patterns for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Prescription-Review of Primary Care Practice in Quetta, Pakistan and the Implications

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