3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds

Bone-tissue regeneration is a growing field, where nanostructured-bioactive materials are designed to replicate the natural properties of the target tissue, and then are processed with technologies such as 3D printing, into constructs that mimic its natural architecture. Type I bovine collagen formu...

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Autores principales:	Priscila Melo, Giorgia Montalbano, Sonia Fiorilli, Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	in-situ crosslinking collagen-based systems 3D printing alginic acid mesoporous bioactive glasses nanohydroxyapatite Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e7497902b83740cba9a9d3a0a76ced83
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e7497902b83740cba9a9d3a0a76ced832021-11-11T18:13:03Z3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds10.3390/ma142167201996-1944https://doaj.org/article/e7497902b83740cba9a9d3a0a76ced832021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6720https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Bone-tissue regeneration is a growing field, where nanostructured-bioactive materials are designed to replicate the natural properties of the target tissue, and then are processed with technologies such as 3D printing, into constructs that mimic its natural architecture. Type I bovine collagen formulations, containing functional nanoparticles (enriched with therapeutic ions or biomolecules) or nanohydroxyapatite, are considered highly promising, and can be printed using support baths. These baths ensure an accurate deposition of the material, nonetheless their full removal post-printing can be difficult, in addition to undesired reactions with the crosslinking agents often used to improve the final structural integrity of the scaffolds. Such issues lead to partial collapse of the printed constructs and loss of geometrical definition. To overcome these limitations, this work presents a new alternative approach, which consists of adding a suitable concentration of crosslinking agent to the printing formulations to promote the in-situ crosslinking of the constructs prior to the removal of the support bath. To this aim, genipin, chosen as crosslinking agent, was added (0.1 wt.%) to collagen-based biomaterial inks (containing either 38 wt.% mesoporous bioactive glasses or 65 wt.% nanohydroxyapatite), to trigger the crosslinking of collagen and improve the stability of the 3D printed scaffolds in the post-processing step. Moreover, to support the material deposition, a 15 wt.% alginic acid solution was used as a bath, which proved to sustain the printed structures and was also easily removable, allowing for the stable processing of high-resolution geometries.Priscila MeloGiorgia MontalbanoSonia FiorilliChiara Vitale-BrovaroneMDPI AGarticlein-situ crosslinkingcollagen-based systems3D printingalginic acidmesoporous bioactive glassesnanohydroxyapatiteTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6720, p 6720 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	in-situ crosslinking collagen-based systems 3D printing alginic acid mesoporous bioactive glasses nanohydroxyapatite Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	in-situ crosslinking collagen-based systems 3D printing alginic acid mesoporous bioactive glasses nanohydroxyapatite Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Priscila Melo Giorgia Montalbano Sonia Fiorilli Chiara Vitale-Brovarone 3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
description	Bone-tissue regeneration is a growing field, where nanostructured-bioactive materials are designed to replicate the natural properties of the target tissue, and then are processed with technologies such as 3D printing, into constructs that mimic its natural architecture. Type I bovine collagen formulations, containing functional nanoparticles (enriched with therapeutic ions or biomolecules) or nanohydroxyapatite, are considered highly promising, and can be printed using support baths. These baths ensure an accurate deposition of the material, nonetheless their full removal post-printing can be difficult, in addition to undesired reactions with the crosslinking agents often used to improve the final structural integrity of the scaffolds. Such issues lead to partial collapse of the printed constructs and loss of geometrical definition. To overcome these limitations, this work presents a new alternative approach, which consists of adding a suitable concentration of crosslinking agent to the printing formulations to promote the in-situ crosslinking of the constructs prior to the removal of the support bath. To this aim, genipin, chosen as crosslinking agent, was added (0.1 wt.%) to collagen-based biomaterial inks (containing either 38 wt.% mesoporous bioactive glasses or 65 wt.% nanohydroxyapatite), to trigger the crosslinking of collagen and improve the stability of the 3D printed scaffolds in the post-processing step. Moreover, to support the material deposition, a 15 wt.% alginic acid solution was used as a bath, which proved to sustain the printed structures and was also easily removable, allowing for the stable processing of high-resolution geometries.
format	article
author	Priscila Melo Giorgia Montalbano Sonia Fiorilli Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
author_facet	Priscila Melo Giorgia Montalbano Sonia Fiorilli Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
author_sort	Priscila Melo
title	3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_short	3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_full	3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_fullStr	3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_full_unstemmed	3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_sort	3d printing in alginic acid bath of in-situ crosslinked collagen composite scaffolds
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e7497902b83740cba9a9d3a0a76ced83
work_keys_str_mv	AT priscilamelo 3dprintinginalginicacidbathofinsitucrosslinkedcollagencompositescaffolds AT giorgiamontalbano 3dprintinginalginicacidbathofinsitucrosslinkedcollagencompositescaffolds AT soniafiorilli 3dprintinginalginicacidbathofinsitucrosslinkedcollagencompositescaffolds AT chiaravitalebrovarone 3dprintinginalginicacidbathofinsitucrosslinkedcollagencompositescaffolds
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3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds

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