Structural equation modeling of public transport use with COVID-19 precautions: An extension of the norm activation model

This study aims to identify the travelers’ attitudes and preferences towards the use of public transport during COVID-19 through the Norm-Activation Model (NAM). A questionnaire survey was designed to assess the traveler’s awareness, sense of responsibility, and moral obligations to comply with safe...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Ashraf Javid, Muhammad Abdullah, Nazam Ali, Charitha Dias
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Norm activation model Public transport Travelers’ attitudes Travel behavior COVID-19 Pakistan Transportation and communications HE1-9990
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e75325cd46cb4b98b4f349364bce6f9c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e75325cd46cb4b98b4f349364bce6f9c2021-11-10T04:40:56ZStructural equation modeling of public transport use with COVID-19 precautions: An extension of the norm activation model2590-198210.1016/j.trip.2021.100474https://doaj.org/article/e75325cd46cb4b98b4f349364bce6f9c2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590198221001792https://doaj.org/toc/2590-1982This study aims to identify the travelers’ attitudes and preferences towards the use of public transport during COVID-19 through the Norm-Activation Model (NAM). A questionnaire survey was designed to assess the traveler’s awareness, sense of responsibility, and moral obligations to comply with safety norms or guidelines while using public transport in Lahore, Pakistan. The Structural Equation Modeling method was applied to analyze the collected 1516 complete responses. The survey results and measurement equations confirmed the association between observed and corresponding latent variables. The results of SEM revealed that the travelers’ Awareness of Consequences (AC) and Ascription of Responsibility (AR) are positively correlated with Personal Norms (PN), whereas attitudes towards public transport are negatively related to the PN. The perceived behavioral control (PBC) and PN have negative structural correlations with public transport use. However, the attitudes towards public transport are strong predictors of travelers’ behavior towards public transport. The current motorcycle users and high-income people have low preferences, whereas current users of public transport modes and middle-income people have high preferences to choose public transport during a pandemic. The travelers’ perceived difficulty of complying with safety guidelines while traveling, such as wearing a facemask, use of sanitizers, and maintaining a social distance, have a significant impact on their public transport use. The travelers’ better awareness, responsibility, and trust in using public transport may have a strong influence on their preferences towards public transport during a pandemic situation.Muhammad Ashraf JavidMuhammad AbdullahNazam AliCharitha DiasElsevierarticleNorm activation modelPublic transportTravelers’ attitudesTravel behaviorCOVID-19PakistanTransportation and communicationsHE1-9990ENTransportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Vol 12, Iss , Pp 100474- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Norm activation model Public transport Travelers’ attitudes Travel behavior COVID-19 Pakistan Transportation and communications HE1-9990
spellingShingle	Norm activation model Public transport Travelers’ attitudes Travel behavior COVID-19 Pakistan Transportation and communications HE1-9990 Muhammad Ashraf Javid Muhammad Abdullah Nazam Ali Charitha Dias Structural equation modeling of public transport use with COVID-19 precautions: An extension of the norm activation model
description	This study aims to identify the travelers’ attitudes and preferences towards the use of public transport during COVID-19 through the Norm-Activation Model (NAM). A questionnaire survey was designed to assess the traveler’s awareness, sense of responsibility, and moral obligations to comply with safety norms or guidelines while using public transport in Lahore, Pakistan. The Structural Equation Modeling method was applied to analyze the collected 1516 complete responses. The survey results and measurement equations confirmed the association between observed and corresponding latent variables. The results of SEM revealed that the travelers’ Awareness of Consequences (AC) and Ascription of Responsibility (AR) are positively correlated with Personal Norms (PN), whereas attitudes towards public transport are negatively related to the PN. The perceived behavioral control (PBC) and PN have negative structural correlations with public transport use. However, the attitudes towards public transport are strong predictors of travelers’ behavior towards public transport. The current motorcycle users and high-income people have low preferences, whereas current users of public transport modes and middle-income people have high preferences to choose public transport during a pandemic. The travelers’ perceived difficulty of complying with safety guidelines while traveling, such as wearing a facemask, use of sanitizers, and maintaining a social distance, have a significant impact on their public transport use. The travelers’ better awareness, responsibility, and trust in using public transport may have a strong influence on their preferences towards public transport during a pandemic situation.
format	article
author	Muhammad Ashraf Javid Muhammad Abdullah Nazam Ali Charitha Dias
author_facet	Muhammad Ashraf Javid Muhammad Abdullah Nazam Ali Charitha Dias
author_sort	Muhammad Ashraf Javid
title	Structural equation modeling of public transport use with COVID-19 precautions: An extension of the norm activation model
title_short	Structural equation modeling of public transport use with COVID-19 precautions: An extension of the norm activation model
title_full	Structural equation modeling of public transport use with COVID-19 precautions: An extension of the norm activation model
title_fullStr	Structural equation modeling of public transport use with COVID-19 precautions: An extension of the norm activation model
title_full_unstemmed	Structural equation modeling of public transport use with COVID-19 precautions: An extension of the norm activation model
title_sort	structural equation modeling of public transport use with covid-19 precautions: an extension of the norm activation model
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e75325cd46cb4b98b4f349364bce6f9c
work_keys_str_mv	AT muhammadashrafjavid structuralequationmodelingofpublictransportusewithcovid19precautionsanextensionofthenormactivationmodel AT muhammadabdullah structuralequationmodelingofpublictransportusewithcovid19precautionsanextensionofthenormactivationmodel AT nazamali structuralequationmodelingofpublictransportusewithcovid19precautionsanextensionofthenormactivationmodel AT charithadias structuralequationmodelingofpublictransportusewithcovid19precautionsanextensionofthenormactivationmodel
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Structural equation modeling of public transport use with COVID-19 precautions: An extension of the norm activation model

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