Implicating Culicoides biting midges as vectors of Schmallenberg virus using semi-quantitative RT-PCR.
<h4>Background</h4>The recent unprecedented emergence of arboviruses transmitted by Culicoides biting midges in northern Europe has necessitated the development of techniques to differentiate competent vector species. At present these techniques are entirely reliant upon interpretation o...
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2013
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oai:doaj.org-article:e78dfe13f2284312b6d5cf4855fe0f202021-11-18T07:54:12ZImplicating Culicoides biting midges as vectors of Schmallenberg virus using semi-quantitative RT-PCR.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0057747https://doaj.org/article/e78dfe13f2284312b6d5cf4855fe0f202013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23520481/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The recent unprecedented emergence of arboviruses transmitted by Culicoides biting midges in northern Europe has necessitated the development of techniques to differentiate competent vector species. At present these techniques are entirely reliant upon interpretation of semi-quantitative RT-PCR (sqPCR) data in the form of Cq values used to infer the presence of viral RNA in samples.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>This study investigates the advantages and limitations of sqPCR in this role by comparing infection and dissemination rates of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) in two colony lines of Culicoides. Through the use of these behaviorally malleable lines we provide tools for demarcating arbovirus infection and dissemination rates in Culicoides which to date have prevented clear implication of primary vector species in northern Europe. The study demonstrates biological transmission of SBV in an arthropod vector, supporting the conclusions from field-caught Culicoides and provides a general framework for future assessment of vector competence of Culicoides for arboviruses using sqPCR.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>When adopting novel diagnostic technologies, correctly implicating vectors of arboviral pathogens requires a coherent laboratory framework to fully understand the implications of results produced in the field. This study illustrates these difficulties and provides a full examination of sqPCR in this role for the Culicoides-arbovirus system.Eva VeronesiMark HenstockSimon GubbinsCarrie BattenRobyn ManleyJames BarberBernd HoffmannMartin BeerHoussam AttouiPeter Paul Clement MertensSimon CarpenterPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 3, p e57747 (2013) |
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Medicine R Science Q Eva Veronesi Mark Henstock Simon Gubbins Carrie Batten Robyn Manley James Barber Bernd Hoffmann Martin Beer Houssam Attoui Peter Paul Clement Mertens Simon Carpenter Implicating Culicoides biting midges as vectors of Schmallenberg virus using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. |
| description |
<h4>Background</h4>The recent unprecedented emergence of arboviruses transmitted by Culicoides biting midges in northern Europe has necessitated the development of techniques to differentiate competent vector species. At present these techniques are entirely reliant upon interpretation of semi-quantitative RT-PCR (sqPCR) data in the form of Cq values used to infer the presence of viral RNA in samples.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>This study investigates the advantages and limitations of sqPCR in this role by comparing infection and dissemination rates of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) in two colony lines of Culicoides. Through the use of these behaviorally malleable lines we provide tools for demarcating arbovirus infection and dissemination rates in Culicoides which to date have prevented clear implication of primary vector species in northern Europe. The study demonstrates biological transmission of SBV in an arthropod vector, supporting the conclusions from field-caught Culicoides and provides a general framework for future assessment of vector competence of Culicoides for arboviruses using sqPCR.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>When adopting novel diagnostic technologies, correctly implicating vectors of arboviral pathogens requires a coherent laboratory framework to fully understand the implications of results produced in the field. This study illustrates these difficulties and provides a full examination of sqPCR in this role for the Culicoides-arbovirus system. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Eva Veronesi Mark Henstock Simon Gubbins Carrie Batten Robyn Manley James Barber Bernd Hoffmann Martin Beer Houssam Attoui Peter Paul Clement Mertens Simon Carpenter |
| author_facet |
Eva Veronesi Mark Henstock Simon Gubbins Carrie Batten Robyn Manley James Barber Bernd Hoffmann Martin Beer Houssam Attoui Peter Paul Clement Mertens Simon Carpenter |
| author_sort |
Eva Veronesi |
| title |
Implicating Culicoides biting midges as vectors of Schmallenberg virus using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. |
| title_short |
Implicating Culicoides biting midges as vectors of Schmallenberg virus using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. |
| title_full |
Implicating Culicoides biting midges as vectors of Schmallenberg virus using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. |
| title_fullStr |
Implicating Culicoides biting midges as vectors of Schmallenberg virus using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Implicating Culicoides biting midges as vectors of Schmallenberg virus using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. |
| title_sort |
implicating culicoides biting midges as vectors of schmallenberg virus using semi-quantitative rt-pcr. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/e78dfe13f2284312b6d5cf4855fe0f20 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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