Increase in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed

Abstract The majority of surveys on food webs of aquatic ecosystems have been conducted during the day owning to difficulties in sampling animals at night. In this study, to examine diurnal changes in predator-prey interactions in a temperate seagrass Zostera marina bed, a quantitative day/night sur...

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Autores principales:	Jun Shoji, Hiromichi Mitamura, Kotaro Ichikawa, Hikari Kinoshita, Nobuaki Arai
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e7b1eb3e1dad4798912ec4310b765cd1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e7b1eb3e1dad4798912ec4310b765cd12021-12-02T16:07:05ZIncrease in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed10.1038/s41598-017-04217-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e7b1eb3e1dad4798912ec4310b765cd12017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04217-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The majority of surveys on food webs of aquatic ecosystems have been conducted during the day owning to difficulties in sampling animals at night. In this study, to examine diurnal changes in predator-prey interactions in a temperate seagrass Zostera marina bed, a quantitative day/night survey of fish, the dominant animal community, coupled with acoustic telemetry of their predators, was conducted. The number of species, abundance, and biomass of piscivorous predators and mean trophic level during the night were significantly higher than those in the day in all seasons. Analysis of the stomach contents of 182 piscivorous predators showed that no fish predation occurred during the day whereas predation occurred during the night in winter, spring, and summer. Acoustic telemetry demonstrated nocturnal visits by dominant piscivorous fish species (rockfishes and conger eel) to the seagrass bed. We conclude that the nocturnal visits by piscivorous fishes increased the predation risk and trophic level in the fish nursery. The ecological functions of seagrass beds should be reevaluated accounting for day/night changes in food webs; these areas serve as nurseries for juvenile and small-sized fishes during the day and as foraging grounds for predators during the night.Jun ShojiHiromichi MitamuraKotaro IchikawaHikari KinoshitaNobuaki AraiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jun Shoji Hiromichi Mitamura Kotaro Ichikawa Hikari Kinoshita Nobuaki Arai Increase in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed
description	Abstract The majority of surveys on food webs of aquatic ecosystems have been conducted during the day owning to difficulties in sampling animals at night. In this study, to examine diurnal changes in predator-prey interactions in a temperate seagrass Zostera marina bed, a quantitative day/night survey of fish, the dominant animal community, coupled with acoustic telemetry of their predators, was conducted. The number of species, abundance, and biomass of piscivorous predators and mean trophic level during the night were significantly higher than those in the day in all seasons. Analysis of the stomach contents of 182 piscivorous predators showed that no fish predation occurred during the day whereas predation occurred during the night in winter, spring, and summer. Acoustic telemetry demonstrated nocturnal visits by dominant piscivorous fish species (rockfishes and conger eel) to the seagrass bed. We conclude that the nocturnal visits by piscivorous fishes increased the predation risk and trophic level in the fish nursery. The ecological functions of seagrass beds should be reevaluated accounting for day/night changes in food webs; these areas serve as nurseries for juvenile and small-sized fishes during the day and as foraging grounds for predators during the night.
format	article
author	Jun Shoji Hiromichi Mitamura Kotaro Ichikawa Hikari Kinoshita Nobuaki Arai
author_facet	Jun Shoji Hiromichi Mitamura Kotaro Ichikawa Hikari Kinoshita Nobuaki Arai
author_sort	Jun Shoji
title	Increase in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed
title_short	Increase in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed
title_full	Increase in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed
title_fullStr	Increase in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed
title_full_unstemmed	Increase in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed
title_sort	increase in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/e7b1eb3e1dad4798912ec4310b765cd1
work_keys_str_mv	AT junshoji increaseinpredationriskandtrophiclevelinducedbynocturnalvisitsofpiscivorousfishesinatemperateseagrassbed AT hiromichimitamura increaseinpredationriskandtrophiclevelinducedbynocturnalvisitsofpiscivorousfishesinatemperateseagrassbed AT kotaroichikawa increaseinpredationriskandtrophiclevelinducedbynocturnalvisitsofpiscivorousfishesinatemperateseagrassbed AT hikarikinoshita increaseinpredationriskandtrophiclevelinducedbynocturnalvisitsofpiscivorousfishesinatemperateseagrassbed AT nobuakiarai increaseinpredationriskandtrophiclevelinducedbynocturnalvisitsofpiscivorousfishesinatemperateseagrassbed
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Increase in predation risk and trophic level induced by nocturnal visits of piscivorous fishes in a temperate seagrass bed

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