Causes of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study

Abstract Background Establishing eye contact between infants and parents is important for early parent-child bonding and lack of eye contact may be a sign of severe underlying disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the causes of poor or lacking eye contact in infants. Methods Cross-sectional...

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Autores principales:	Mette Levinsen, Malene Landbo Børresen, Laura Roos, Karen Grønskov, Line Kessel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Infant Delayed visual maturation Infants Nystagmus Poor eye contact Vision Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e7b64f67190c43b0bbcfd9b72493bd3b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e7b64f67190c43b0bbcfd9b72493bd3b2021-11-08T11:19:32ZCauses of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study10.1186/s12886-021-02151-71471-2415https://doaj.org/article/e7b64f67190c43b0bbcfd9b72493bd3b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-02151-7https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2415Abstract Background Establishing eye contact between infants and parents is important for early parent-child bonding and lack of eye contact may be a sign of severe underlying disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the causes of poor or lacking eye contact in infants. Methods Cross-sectional study reviewing all referrals of infants ≤1 year of age from January 1rst, 2016 to December 31rst, 2018. Medical information was retrieved from patient files covering pregnancy, birth, diagnostic work-up and ocular parameters such as refraction, visual acuity and structural findings. Results We identified 99 infants with poor or lacking eye contact. The relative frequency of causes was neurologic disease 36.4% (36/99), delayed visual maturation 24.2% (24/99), ocular disease 21.2% (21/99) and idiopathic infantile nystagmus 4.0% (4/99). Fourteen infants had a visual function within age-related norms at first examination despite poor eye contact at the time of referral. Of the infants with available data, 18/27 (33.3%) with neurologic cause, 15/23 (65.2%) with delayed visual maturation and 9/21 (42.9%) with ocular cause had visual acuity within the age-related norm at latest follow-up (0-41 months). In 23 infants, a genetic cause was found. Conclusion Poor eye contact in infants may be a sign of severe underlying disease, such as neurological or ocular disease. Close collaboration between pediatric ophthalmologists and neuro-pediatricians are warranted in the management of these infants.Mette LevinsenMalene Landbo BørresenLaura RoosKaren GrønskovLine KesselBMCarticleInfantDelayed visual maturationInfantsNystagmusPoor eye contactVisionOphthalmologyRE1-994ENBMC Ophthalmology, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Infant Delayed visual maturation Infants Nystagmus Poor eye contact Vision Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Infant Delayed visual maturation Infants Nystagmus Poor eye contact Vision Ophthalmology RE1-994 Mette Levinsen Malene Landbo Børresen Laura Roos Karen Grønskov Line Kessel Causes of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study
description	Abstract Background Establishing eye contact between infants and parents is important for early parent-child bonding and lack of eye contact may be a sign of severe underlying disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the causes of poor or lacking eye contact in infants. Methods Cross-sectional study reviewing all referrals of infants ≤1 year of age from January 1rst, 2016 to December 31rst, 2018. Medical information was retrieved from patient files covering pregnancy, birth, diagnostic work-up and ocular parameters such as refraction, visual acuity and structural findings. Results We identified 99 infants with poor or lacking eye contact. The relative frequency of causes was neurologic disease 36.4% (36/99), delayed visual maturation 24.2% (24/99), ocular disease 21.2% (21/99) and idiopathic infantile nystagmus 4.0% (4/99). Fourteen infants had a visual function within age-related norms at first examination despite poor eye contact at the time of referral. Of the infants with available data, 18/27 (33.3%) with neurologic cause, 15/23 (65.2%) with delayed visual maturation and 9/21 (42.9%) with ocular cause had visual acuity within the age-related norm at latest follow-up (0-41 months). In 23 infants, a genetic cause was found. Conclusion Poor eye contact in infants may be a sign of severe underlying disease, such as neurological or ocular disease. Close collaboration between pediatric ophthalmologists and neuro-pediatricians are warranted in the management of these infants.
format	article
author	Mette Levinsen Malene Landbo Børresen Laura Roos Karen Grønskov Line Kessel
author_facet	Mette Levinsen Malene Landbo Børresen Laura Roos Karen Grønskov Line Kessel
author_sort	Mette Levinsen
title	Causes of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study
title_short	Causes of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study
title_full	Causes of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study
title_fullStr	Causes of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study
title_full_unstemmed	Causes of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study
title_sort	causes of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e7b64f67190c43b0bbcfd9b72493bd3b
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Causes of poor eye contact in infants: a population-based study

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