Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses.
Of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses, only influenza A viruses are thought to exist as multiple subtypes and has non-human maintenance hosts. In April 2011, nasal swabs were collected for virus isolation from pigs exhibiting influenza-like illness. Subsequent electron microscopic, biochemical,...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013
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oai:doaj.org-article:e7b81ab8b2b84923ac485fb410681e1c2021-11-18T06:06:03ZIsolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1003176https://doaj.org/article/e7b81ab8b2b84923ac485fb410681e1c2013-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23408893/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses, only influenza A viruses are thought to exist as multiple subtypes and has non-human maintenance hosts. In April 2011, nasal swabs were collected for virus isolation from pigs exhibiting influenza-like illness. Subsequent electron microscopic, biochemical, and genetic studies identified an orthomyxovirus with seven RNA segments exhibiting approximately 50% overall amino acid identity to human influenza C virus. Based on its genetic organizational similarities to influenza C viruses this virus has been provisionally designated C/Oklahoma/1334/2011 (C/OK). Phylogenetic analysis of the predicted viral proteins found that the divergence between C/OK and human influenza C viruses was similar to that observed between influenza A and B viruses. No cross reactivity was observed between C/OK and human influenza C viruses using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Additionally, screening of pig and human serum samples found that 9.5% and 1.3%, respectively, of individuals had measurable HI antibody titers to C/OK virus. C/OK virus was able to infect both ferrets and pigs and transmit to naive animals by direct contact. Cell culture studies showed that C/OK virus displayed a broader cellular tropism than a human influenza C virus. The observed difference in cellular tropism was further supported by structural analysis showing that hemagglutinin esterase (HE) proteins between two viruses have conserved enzymatic but divergent receptor-binding sites. These results suggest that C/OK virus represents a new subtype of influenza C viruses that currently circulates in pigs that has not been recognized previously. The presence of multiple subtypes of co-circulating influenza C viruses raises the possibility of reassortment and antigenic shift as mechanisms of influenza C virus evolution.Ben M HauseMariette DucatezEmily A CollinZhiguang RanRunxia LiuZizhang ShengAnibal ArmienBryan KaplanSuvobrata ChakravartyAdam D HoppeRichard J WebbyRandy R SimonsonFeng LiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 9, Iss 2, p e1003176 (2013) |
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DOAJ |
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EN |
| topic |
Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
| spellingShingle |
Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ben M Hause Mariette Ducatez Emily A Collin Zhiguang Ran Runxia Liu Zizhang Sheng Anibal Armien Bryan Kaplan Suvobrata Chakravarty Adam D Hoppe Richard J Webby Randy R Simonson Feng Li Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| description |
Of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses, only influenza A viruses are thought to exist as multiple subtypes and has non-human maintenance hosts. In April 2011, nasal swabs were collected for virus isolation from pigs exhibiting influenza-like illness. Subsequent electron microscopic, biochemical, and genetic studies identified an orthomyxovirus with seven RNA segments exhibiting approximately 50% overall amino acid identity to human influenza C virus. Based on its genetic organizational similarities to influenza C viruses this virus has been provisionally designated C/Oklahoma/1334/2011 (C/OK). Phylogenetic analysis of the predicted viral proteins found that the divergence between C/OK and human influenza C viruses was similar to that observed between influenza A and B viruses. No cross reactivity was observed between C/OK and human influenza C viruses using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Additionally, screening of pig and human serum samples found that 9.5% and 1.3%, respectively, of individuals had measurable HI antibody titers to C/OK virus. C/OK virus was able to infect both ferrets and pigs and transmit to naive animals by direct contact. Cell culture studies showed that C/OK virus displayed a broader cellular tropism than a human influenza C virus. The observed difference in cellular tropism was further supported by structural analysis showing that hemagglutinin esterase (HE) proteins between two viruses have conserved enzymatic but divergent receptor-binding sites. These results suggest that C/OK virus represents a new subtype of influenza C viruses that currently circulates in pigs that has not been recognized previously. The presence of multiple subtypes of co-circulating influenza C viruses raises the possibility of reassortment and antigenic shift as mechanisms of influenza C virus evolution. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Ben M Hause Mariette Ducatez Emily A Collin Zhiguang Ran Runxia Liu Zizhang Sheng Anibal Armien Bryan Kaplan Suvobrata Chakravarty Adam D Hoppe Richard J Webby Randy R Simonson Feng Li |
| author_facet |
Ben M Hause Mariette Ducatez Emily A Collin Zhiguang Ran Runxia Liu Zizhang Sheng Anibal Armien Bryan Kaplan Suvobrata Chakravarty Adam D Hoppe Richard J Webby Randy R Simonson Feng Li |
| author_sort |
Ben M Hause |
| title |
Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_short |
Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_full |
Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_fullStr |
Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. |
| title_sort |
isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza c viruses. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/e7b81ab8b2b84923ac485fb410681e1c |
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