A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups

The paper describes a simplified mathematical model aimed at fitting available hydrographs of floods from subglacial lakes reaching their peak almost linearly in time, the so-called fast-risingjökulhlaups. The simplifying idea is that the glacier can be treated as a block with fixed width, length an...

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Autores principales:	Benedetta Calusi, Angiolo Farina, Fabio Rosso
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2020
Materias:	Subglacial floods Subglacial lakes Jökulhlaups Mathematical modelling Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df30
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df30
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df302021-12-01T05:05:27ZA simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups2666-496810.1016/j.apples.2020.100013https://doaj.org/article/e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df302020-09-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666496820300133https://doaj.org/toc/2666-4968The paper describes a simplified mathematical model aimed at fitting available hydrographs of floods from subglacial lakes reaching their peak almost linearly in time, the so-called fast-risingjökulhlaups. The simplifying idea is that the glacier can be treated as a block with fixed width, length and thickness, confining a subglacial lake with a constant cross-sectional area and variable level. We do not consider the role of heat transfer as suggested by many authors for fast-rising events. The model consists of two ordinary differential equations: conservation equation for the lake water and motion equation for the glacier. The glacier vertical movement is supposed to be governed by its own weight, the water pressure generated by the lake and by the forces acting on the lateral sides due to interaction between the glacier and the surroundings. The model has three free parameters and reproduces satisfactorily eight historical hydrographs observed originated by eight jökulhlaups in the Skaftá river (Iceland). These floods, of fast-rising type, are sourced from two ice cauldrons, the Eastern one being responsible of the largest floods (up to 3500 m3s−1). On average, the cauldrons drain almost every two years due to persistent geothermal activity beneath Vatnajökull glacier. This periodicity has a simple mathematical interpretation and is used to obtain another validation of the model.Benedetta CalusiAngiolo FarinaFabio RossoElsevierarticleSubglacial floodsSubglacial lakesJökulhlaupsMathematical modellingEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENApplications in Engineering Science, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 100013- (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Subglacial floods Subglacial lakes Jökulhlaups Mathematical modelling Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
spellingShingle	Subglacial floods Subglacial lakes Jökulhlaups Mathematical modelling Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Benedetta Calusi Angiolo Farina Fabio Rosso A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups
description	The paper describes a simplified mathematical model aimed at fitting available hydrographs of floods from subglacial lakes reaching their peak almost linearly in time, the so-called fast-risingjökulhlaups. The simplifying idea is that the glacier can be treated as a block with fixed width, length and thickness, confining a subglacial lake with a constant cross-sectional area and variable level. We do not consider the role of heat transfer as suggested by many authors for fast-rising events. The model consists of two ordinary differential equations: conservation equation for the lake water and motion equation for the glacier. The glacier vertical movement is supposed to be governed by its own weight, the water pressure generated by the lake and by the forces acting on the lateral sides due to interaction between the glacier and the surroundings. The model has three free parameters and reproduces satisfactorily eight historical hydrographs observed originated by eight jökulhlaups in the Skaftá river (Iceland). These floods, of fast-rising type, are sourced from two ice cauldrons, the Eastern one being responsible of the largest floods (up to 3500 m3s−1). On average, the cauldrons drain almost every two years due to persistent geothermal activity beneath Vatnajökull glacier. This periodicity has a simple mathematical interpretation and is used to obtain another validation of the model.
format	article
author	Benedetta Calusi Angiolo Farina Fabio Rosso
author_facet	Benedetta Calusi Angiolo Farina Fabio Rosso
author_sort	Benedetta Calusi
title	A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups
title_short	A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups
title_full	A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups
title_fullStr	A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups
title_full_unstemmed	A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups
title_sort	simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df30
work_keys_str_mv	AT benedettacalusi asimplifiedmechanicalmodelforexplainingfastrisingjokulhlaups AT angiolofarina asimplifiedmechanicalmodelforexplainingfastrisingjokulhlaups AT fabiorosso asimplifiedmechanicalmodelforexplainingfastrisingjokulhlaups AT benedettacalusi simplifiedmechanicalmodelforexplainingfastrisingjokulhlaups AT angiolofarina simplifiedmechanicalmodelforexplainingfastrisingjokulhlaups AT fabiorosso simplifiedmechanicalmodelforexplainingfastrisingjokulhlaups
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A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups

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